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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 February 2009
Quid enim? si Daphitae fatum fuit ex equo cadere atque ita perire, ex hocne equo, qui cum equus non esset nomen habebat alienum ? aut Philippus hasne in capulo quadrigulas vitare monebatur? quasi vero capulo sit occisus. Quid autem magnum aut naufragum illum sine nomine in rivo esse lapsum – quamquam huic quidem his scribit in aqua esse pereundum? ne hercule Icadii quidem praedonis video fatum ullum; nihil enim scribit ei praedictum: quid mirum igitur ex spelunca saxum in crura eius incidisse? puto enim, etiam si Icadius tum in spelunca non fuisset, saxum tamen illud casurum fuisse, nam aut nihil est omnino fortuitum aut hoc ipsum potuit evenire fortuna. (Cicero, De Fato 5)
2 cf. Edelstein, L. and Kidd, I. G., Posidonius I: The Fragments (Cambridge, 1972), 105–6Google Scholar. Cognatio naturae is probably to be preferred here and elsewhere; cf. Luck, G., AJP 99 (1978), 155–8Google Scholar.
3 Fontenrose, J., The Delphic Oracle (Berkeley, 1978), 60 ffGoogle Scholar.
4 So also the Suda, s.v. δαφ⋯δας. For an interesting variant of the same story in Strabo, cf. Fontenrose, , op. cit. 346–7Google Scholar, and in TAPA 91 (1960), 83Google Scholar ff. a full discussion of the Daphitas story.
5 A considerable lacuna precedes the relevant chapter of the De Fato (5), and Cicero may well, have given all Posidonius' cases in detail. But in his criticism of the cases in our passage, it is noteworthy that relevant explanatory details are given for the irony of the ends of Daphitas, Philip and the unknown sailor, but not for Icadius.
6 Bayer, K., M. T. Cicero, De Fato (Munich, 1963), 124Google Scholar: ‘Die Einzelangaben zu den Beispielen Daphitas, Philippos und Eikadios sind aus dem Turnebus-Kommentar ersichtlich’.Yon, A., Cicèron, Traité du Destin (Paris, 1950), Appendice, p. 31Google Scholar: ‘Nous ne savons rien d'Icadius que Festus cite comme un pirate célèbre auquel faisait allusion un vers de Lucilius; mais on voit qu'il n'avait échappé aux mille dangers de ses aventures maritimes que pour aller mourir à terre, surpris dans son sommeil par l'eboulement d'une caverne’. Cf. Hamelin, O., Sur le De Fato (Éditions de Mégare, 1978), 20Google Scholar; Cappelletti, A. J., Marco Tullio Cicerón: Sobre el Destino (Rosario, 1964), 96Google Scholar, n. 30.
7 In a fragment (1292 Marx, 1308 Krenkel) cited by Festus (p. 332 Lindsay): ‘“Rhondes Icadionque” cum dixit Lucilius, duo nomina piratarum posuit, tarn infestum sibi corpus et J. valitudinem referens, quam illi essent saluti navigantium’.
8 Plautus, , Pseud. 886Google Scholar, As. 474, Cos. 337; Seneca, , De ira 3Google Scholar. 32. 1.
9 Suetonius, , Div. Aug. 67Google Scholar, Tib. 44.
10 Victorinus, , De Caesaribus 41Google Scholar. 4; cf. Mommsen, , Römisches Strafsrecht, (Berlin, 1899), 920–1Google Scholar.
11 Suetonius, , Div. Jul. 74Google Scholar: ‘sed et in ulciscendo natura lenissimus piratas, a quibus captus est, cum in dicionem redegisset, quoniam suffixurum se cruci ante iuraverat, iugulari prius iussit, deinde suffigi’.
12 cf. Phil. 6. 10, 10. 22, 12. 20.
13 Ker, W. C. A., The Philippics of Cicero (London and New York, 1926), 472Google Scholar n. 2, 577 n. 6.
14 cf. Bailey, D. R. Shackleton, Cicero (London, 1971), 263Google Scholar; Rawson, Elizabeth, Cicero (London, 1975), 260Google Scholar.
15 cf.Yon, , op. cit. ii–ivGoogle Scholar.