No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
The Iconography of the American City: or, A Gothic Tale of Modern Times
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 July 2009
Extract
Some dozen years ago, I began in collaboration with David Holmes, Dewey Wallace, Charles Wallace, and others to conduct tours of houses of worship during the annual meetings of the American Academy of Religion and the American Society of Church History. The challenge of these tours for me gradually metamorphosed from providing basic information on dates, architectural styles, and parish history highlights—all useful enough in themselves—to reading these buildings in the broader context of the urban built environment. Churches, synagogues, and other religious buildings do not appear in the vacuum that a slide presentation or text illustration might suggest. Rather, they are in a continual mute dialogue with their surroundings, which in the urban context tend to be other buildings of commercial or civic purpose. The context is also four-dimensional. Not only do religious buildings themselves undergo expansion, remodeling, and changes in denominational identity, but their neighbors frequently change even more rapidly.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © American Society of Church History 1999
References
1. Brown, Elizabeth Mills, The United Church on the Green: An Architectural History (New Haven, Conn.: United Church on the Green, 1965), 14.Google Scholar
2. See, for example, an 1850 version in Osterweis, Rollin G., Three Centuries of New Haven, 1638–1938 (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1953), facing 270.Google Scholar
3. Brown, United Church, 16 ff.;Google Scholarsee also idem, New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1976), 100–103,107.Google Scholar
4. Pierson, William H. Jr, American Buildings and Their Architects: The Colonial and Neoclassical Styles (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970), 55–58, 98–99,102–105.Google Scholar
5. Pierson, William H. Jr, American Buildings and Their Architects: Technology and the Picturesque, the Corporate and Early Gothic Styles (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1978), 125–34.Google Scholar
6. Pierson, Technology and the Picturesque, 159 it.Google Scholar
7. Pierson, Technology and the Picturesque, 184–96.Google Scholar
8. Pierson, Technology and the Picturesque, 159–67.Google Scholar
9. Pierson, Technology and the Picturesque, 432–55.Google Scholar
10. Whitehall, Walter Muir, Boston: A Topographical History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, Belknap Press, 1959), 165–66.Google Scholar
11. Marquand, John P., The Late George Apley (1936; reprint, New York: Washington Square, 1965), 19.Google Scholar
12. Norton, Bettina A., ed., Trinity Church: The Story of an Episcopal Parish in the City of Boston (Boston: Wardens and Vestry of Trinity Church, 1978), 6.Google Scholar
13. Norton, Trinity Church, 57–58.Google Scholar
14. Norton, Trinity Church, 38.Google Scholar
15. Norton, Trinity Church, 46.Google Scholar
16. Quoted in Douglass Shand Tucci, Built in Boston: City and Suburb (Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1978), 47.Google Scholar
17. Norton, Trinity Church, 30.Google Scholar
18. Tucci, Built in Boston, 55.Google Scholar
19. Whitehill, Topographical History, 172–73.Google Scholar
20. Wilson, Richard Guy, “The Great Civilization,” in The American Renaissance, 1876–1917, ed. Murray, Richard N. et al. (New York: Pantheon, Brooklyn Museum, 1979), 21.Google Scholar
21. On Chicago especially, see Horowitz, Helen Lefkowitz, Culture and the City: Cultural Philanthropy in Chicago from the 1880s to 1917 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989).Google Scholar
22. Richard Guy Wilson, in Murray, American Renaissance, 25.Google Scholar
23. Whitehill, Topographical History, 172–73.Google Scholar
24. Murray, American Renaissance, 12.Google Scholar
25. Wick, Peter Arms, A Handbook to the Art and Architecture of the Boston Public Library (Boston: Associates of the Boston Public Library, 1977), passim.Google Scholar
26. Wick, Handbook, 36.Google Scholar
27. James, Henry, The American Scene (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1946), 249–50.Google Scholar
28. See Levine, Lawrence W., Highbrow/Lowbrow: The Emergence of Cultural Hierarchy in America (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988), chap. 2, “The Sacralization of Culture.”Google Scholar
29. On Cram, see Tucci, Built in Boston, chap. 7, “Ralph Adams Cram and Boston Gothic”;Google ScholarMuccigrosso, Robert, American Gothic: The Mind and Art of Ralph Adams Cram (Washington, D.C.: University Press of America, 1980);Google Scholarand Williams, Peter W., “A Mirror for Unitarians: Catholicism and Culture in Nineteenth-Century New England” (Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1970), chap. 6.Google Scholar
30. See Meyer, Marilee Boyd et al. , Inspiring Reform: Boston's Arts and Crafts Movement (Wellesley, Mass.: Davis Museum and Cultural Center, Harry N. Abrams, 1997).Google Scholar
31. On All Saints, Ashmont, see Tucci, Built in Boston, 158 ff.Google Scholar
32. Tucci, Douglass Shand, Boston Bohemia, 1881–1900, vol. 1 of Ralph Adams Cram: Life and Architecture (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1995).Google Scholar
33. Scroggs, Marilee Munger, A Light in the City: The Fourth Presbyterian Church of Chicago (Chicago: Fourth Presbyterian Church 1990), 75–76, 86–89.Google Scholar
34. Pierson, Colonial and Neo-Classical Styles, 360–72.Google Scholar
35. Clubbe, John, Cincinnati Observed: Architecture and History (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1992), 49–56.Google Scholar
36. Pierson, Technology and the Picturesque, chap. 5.Google Scholar
37. Hall, Edward Hagaman et al. , A Guide to the Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine in the City of New York (New York: Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church, 1965).Google Scholar
38. Feller, Richard T. and Fishwick, Marshall W., For Thy Great Glory (Culpepper, Va.: Community, 1965), 3.Google Scholar
39. Feller and Fishwick, For Thy Great Glory, 4–5.Google Scholar
40. Applewhite, E. J., Washington Itself An Informal Guide to the Capital of the United States (New York: Knopf, 1981), 296.Google Scholar
41. van Leeuwen, Thomas A. P., The Skyward Trend of Thought: The Metaphysics of the American Skyscraper (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988), 28.Google Scholar
42. Van Leeuwen, Skyward Trend of Thought, 60.Google Scholar
43. Alberts, Robert C., Pitt: The Story of the University of Pittsburgh, 1787–1987 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986), 85.Google Scholar
44. Alberts, Pitt, 86, 91, 99,100,122.Google Scholar
45. Betsky, Aaron, James Gamble Rogers and the Architecture of Pragmatism (New York: Architectural History Foundation, MIT Press, 1994), 111.Google Scholar
46. Betsky, James Gamble Rogers, 126.Google Scholar
47. Betsky, James Gamble Rogers, 121.Google Scholar
48. Willard, Ruth Hendricks and Wilson, Carol Green, Sacred Places of San Francisco (Novato, Calif.: Presidio, 1985), 37–42.Google Scholar
49. White, Norval and Willensky, Elliot, AIA Guide to New York City (New York: Collier, 1978), 260;Google Scholarvan Leeuwen, Skyward Trend of Thought, 71 ff.;Google ScholarLane, George A., S.J., Chicago Churches and Synagogues: An Architectural Pilgrimage (Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1981), 163.Google Scholar
50. Oliver, Richard, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue (New York: Architectural History Foundation, MIT Press, 1983), 151.Google Scholar
51. Oliver, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, 184 ff.;Google Scholarsee also Luebke, Frederick C., ed., A Harmony of the Arts: The Nebraska State Capitol (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990).Google Scholar
52. Bogart, Michele H., Public Sculpture and the Civic Ideal in New York City, 1890–1930 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989), 309–316.Google Scholar