Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 July 2009
In Reformed theology the doctrine of the ministry is an essential part of the doctrine of the church. The ministry is never a matter of indifference to theology. Its character, authority, forms and functions are prescribed and described in doctrinal statements of the churches, and the subject has been doctrinally and historically expounded by many theologians. While these writers differ in detail in their teaching on the ministry, they agree in main outline and together present a body of doctrine that is both consistent and explicit.
2 A brief discussion of this subject will be included in a forthcoming article in the Journal of Religion, to be entitled “The Church in Post-Reformation Reformed Theology.”Google Scholar An earlier study, “The Church in Sixteenth Century Reformed Theology,” appeared in the Journal of Religion, XXII (1942), 251–69.Google Scholar
3 Institutes IV, iii, 4, 5, 8.Google Scholar
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6 Institutes IV, iii, 15, 16Google Scholar. The reference to Cyprian is to his letter 67, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum III, 11, 738.Google Scholar
7 Institutes IV, iii, 1.Google Scholar
8 Institutes IV, iv, 1–4.Google Scholar
9 Institutes, IV, vi, 10.Google Scholar
10 Institutes IV, iv, 1–4.Google Scholar
11 Institutes IV, iv, 12Google Scholar. Leo I, Epistolae, 10Google Scholar, Migne, P. L. LIV, 632Google Scholar. Calvin devotes chapters v–xi of Book IV of the Institutes to an exposure of “the papal tyranny.”
12 De necessitate, reformandae ecclesiae. Corpus Reformatorum. XXIV, 469ffGoogle Scholar, (On the Necessity of Reforming the Church, Tracts I, 128ff.)Google Scholar
13 Corpus Reformatorum, XLIII, 333.Google Scholar
14 Ainslie, J. L., The Poctrines of Ministerial Order in the Reformed Churches (Edinburgh, 1940), 93.Google Scholar
15 Corpus Reformatorum, XLI, 76; 89.Google Scholar
16 Corpus Reformatorum, XLI 684; XLII, 314.Google Scholar
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18 Calvin et l'épiscopat (Strasbourg and Paris, 1927).Google Scholar
19 Ibid., 30.
20 Ibid., 32.
21 Ibid., 44.
22 De la vocation des pasteurs (Sedan, 1618), 17ff., 23.Google Scholar
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24 Ainslie, J. L., The Doctrines of Ministerial Order in the Reformed Churches Edinburgh, 1940)Google Scholar. Ainslie has strangely neglected many of the leading seventeenth century theologians.
25 La défense de la Réformation contre le livre intitulé: Prejugés legitimes contre les Calvinistes (Quevilly, 1773)Google Scholar. I have used only the English edition, Defense of the Reformation (London, 1683)Google Scholar. The reader will note that Claude's treatise is earlier than the work of Turretin cited above.
26 Defence of the Reformation, Part IV, chapter III.
27 Ibid., Part IV, chapter iv.
28 Corpus theologiae Christianae (2 vols., Zurich, 1700), II, 565f., 592, 625ff.Google Scholar
29 The Works of John Knox, edited by Laing, David (Edinburgh, 1856), V, 518fGoogle Scholar. This evidence is omitted by Ainslie in his chapter on “The Equality of Ministers” (Ministerial Order, Chapter iv.).
30 Works of Knox, III, 122.Google Scholar
31 I am forced here again to disagree with J. L. Ainslie whose treatment of Knox's opinions on prelacy (The Doctrines of Ministerial Order in the Reformed Churches, 115f.Google Scholar) omits from consideration some significant data.
32 Durham, James, Commentarie Upon the Book of Revelation (Amsterdam, 1660), 52–59; 105–111.Google Scholar
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34 The Theory of the Ruling Eldership (Edinburgh, 1866), 33ff.Google Scholar
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38 Christianae theologiae compendium (Basel, 1626), 119.Google Scholar
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41 Church Polity (New York, 1878), 266f.Google Scholar
42 The Presbyterian Tradition (London, 1933), 373Google Scholar. (In American practice an elder is often asked to serve at baptisms in what may be called the function of an usher.)