¹ For the discussion, of the Institutes, their various editions, their critical analysis and their comparative significance see especially: Ioannis Calvini Opera Quae Supersunt Omnia, ed. Baum, G., Cunitz, E., Reuss, E., Brunsvigae 1865, III, VII–XLVIIGoogle Scholar; Calvin, Jean, Institution de la Religion Chréstienne, ed. Lefrane, A., Chatelain, H., et Pannier, J., Paris, 1911, I, 1–57Google Scholar; Doumergue, E., Jean Calvin: les hommes et les choses de son temps; Lausanne, 1910, IV, 1–17Google Scholar. Foster, H. D., Collected Papers, p. 32.Google Scholar

² Opera, I, 72Google Scholar—Credo sanctam ecclesiam catholicam, sanctorum communionem, remissionem peceatorum, carnis resurrectionem, vitam aeternam. Cf. Opera, I, 77–78.Google Scholar

³ Opera, I, 72Google Scholar—Primum credimus sanctam ecclesiam catholicam, hoc est, universum electorum numerum, sive angeli sint, sive homines.…; ex hominibus, sive mortui, sive adhuc vivant; ex viventibus, quibuscunque in terris agant, a ut ubivis gentium dispersi sint; unam esse ecclesiam ac societatem et unum Dei populum cuius Christus, Dominus noster, dux sit et princeps, ac tanquam unius corporis caput; prout in ipso divina bonitate electi sunt, ante miundi constitutionem, ut in regnum Dei omnes aggregarentur, sq. Of. also Inst., IV ^{1, 2–3}Google Scholar—Opera, II ^746–748Google Scholar; 1541 ed. pp. 265–266.

⁴ Opera, II, 72–73Google Scholar—Haec autem societas catholica est, id est, universalis, quia non duas aut tres invenire liceat, verum electi Dei sic omnes in Christo uniuntur ac coadunantur, ut quemadmodum ab uno capite pendent, ita in unum velut corpus coalescant; … Inst., IV ^{1, 2}Google Scholar—Opera, II, 747Google Scholar reads: Quin sic electi Dei omnes in Christo sunt connexi, ut quemadmodum ab uno capite pendent, ita in unum velut corpus coalescant, ea inter se compage cohaerentes que eiusdem corporis membra; vere unum facti, qui una fide, spe, caritate, eodem Dei spiritu simul vivunt, non in eandem modo vitae aeternae haereditatem, sed in unius Dei ac Christi participationem etiam vocati. Cf. 1541 ed. p. 266.

⁵ Opera, I, 77–78Google Scholar; Inst., IV ^{1, 2–3}Google Scholar—Opera, II, 747–748Google Scholar: Atque ideo adiungitur sanctorum communicatio. Quae particula licet a veteribus fere praetermissa sit, non tamen negligenda est, quia ecclesiae qualitatem optime exprimit. Quasi dictum esset hae lege aggregari sanctos in soeietatem Christi, ut quaecunque in eos beneficia Deus confert, inter se mutuo communicent.

⁶ Inst., IV ^{1, 7}Google Scholar—Opera, II, 752–753Google Scholar—Inst., IV ^{1, 2}Google Scholar—Opera, II, 747Google Scholar; Nisi enim sub capite nostro Christo coadunati simus reliquis omnibus membris, nulla nos manet spes haereditatis futurae.

⁷ Inst., IV ^{1, 3}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 748Google Scholar; 1541 ed. pp. 268–269.

⁸ Inst., IV ^{1, 7–8}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 752–753Google Scholar; Opera, I, 75.Google Scholar

⁹ Ibid., II ^{VIII, 55}; Opera, II, 305–306Google Scholar; Inst., III, ^{XXIII, 14}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 710–711.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 20, pp. 55–67.Google Scholar

¹¹ For the sources upon which the foregoing is based see especially: 1541 ed. pp. 471–473, 485–495; Inst., III ^{XXI, 5}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 682 ff.Google Scholar; Inst., III ^{XXIII, 12}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 708.Google Scholar

¹² Troeltseh, E., “Calvin and Calvinism,” Hibbert Journal, 10 1909, pp. 108 ff.Google Scholar

¹³ For the relation of election, vocation, justification, faith, works, etc. see especially 1541 ed. pp. 354, 387–390; Inst., III, ^{XIV, 8, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 560, 575–579.Google Scholar

¹⁴ Inst., III ^XVI,18Google Scholar; Opera, II, 576Google Scholar: Sic fundata, erecta, stabilita conscientia operum quoque consideratione stabilitur; quatenus, scilicet testimonia sunt Dei in nobis habitantis ac regnantis.

¹⁵ Ibid., III ^{XIV, 28}; Opera, II, 577–578Google Scholar: Videmus iam non earn in sanctis fiduciam operum esse quae vel eorum merito aliqnid tribuat (quando ea non aliter quam Dei dona intuentur, unde eius bonitatem recognoscant, non aliter quam vocationis signa unde electionem reputent), … Cf. Ibid., III, ^{XIV, 19}; Opera, II, 577Google Scholar. Cf. also III, ^{XV, 8}; Opera, II, 585Google Scholar: Ecce, non iustifieamus hominem ex operibus coram Deo; sed omaes qui ex Deo sunt, dicimus regenari, et novam creaturam fierei, ut ex regno peccati transeant in regnum iustitiae, atque hoc testimonio certam facere suam vocationem, et tanquam arbores a fructibus indicari.

¹⁶ 1541 ed. pp. 490–491 ff. Opera, II, 716.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 625 ff.; IV, 284–287.Google Scholar

¹⁸ Troeltsch, , op. cit., p. 119.Google Scholar

¹⁹ Choisy, E., La théocratie à Genève am temps de Calvin, Genève, n. d., pp. 232 ff.Google Scholar

²⁰ Choisy, , op. cit., pp. 232–238Google Scholar; Articles of 1537, Opera, X ^a, 12–14Google Scholar; see also Walker, , op. cit., p. 129Google Scholar; 1541 ed., the Argument, p. II: Combien que la saincte Escriture contienne une doctrine parfaicte, à laquelle on ne peut rien adjouster: comme en icelle nostre Seigneur a voulu desployer les Thresors infiniz de sa Sapience. Cf. Reyburn, H.John Calvin, London, 1914, pp. 351–354Google Scholar; Doumergue, , op. cit., IV, 54–84.Google Scholar

²¹ Inst., III, ^{xx, 30–31}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 657, 658Google Scholar: Potissimus tarnen linguae usus est in orationibus publicis, quae in fidelium conventu habentur; quibus hoc agitur, ut Deum, quem uno spiritu eademque fide colimus, communi una voce et veluti eodem omnes ore pariter glorificemus, idque palam, ut omnes vicissim, a suo quisque fratre, confessionem fide accipiant ad eius exemplum invitentur et incitentur. Cf. 1541 ed. p. 541. Cf. also on songa, chants, etc., Inst., III, ^{XX, 32}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 659Google Scholar; Articles of 1537, Opera, Xa, 12.Google Scholar

²² The 1541 edition, p. 541 reads: Dont aussi il appert, que oraisons publiques ne se doivent faire ne en langage Grec entre les Latins: ne en latin entre Franeoys ou Anglois, (comme la coustume a esté par tout cy devant), mais en langaige commun du pays: qui se puisse entendre de toute l'assemblée. Cf. Inst., III, ^{XX, 33}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 659.Google Scholar

²³ Inst., III, ^{XX, 38}Google Scholar; Opera, II. 663Google Scholar; 1541 ed. pp. 546–547. Cf. Doumergue, , op. cit., IV, 339–340.Google Scholar

²⁴ Inst., III, ^{XX, 38}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 664Google Scholar: Neque solum quos tales ad praesens videt atque cognoseit, sed emnes qui super terrain agunt homines; de quibus quid statuent Deus, extra notitiam est; nisi quod illis optima optare et sperare non minus pium quam humanum est.

²⁵ Inst., III, ^{XX, 39, 47}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 664, 675.Google Scholar

²⁶ Inst., IV, ^{XVII, 1, 3–10}Google Scholar; Opera, , II, 1002 f.Google Scholar, 1007–1010; Inst., IV, ^{XVII, 2, 9–10, 37}Google Scholar; Opera, IV, 977, 985–986, 1040.Google Scholar

²⁷ Inst., IV, ^{XVII, 38}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 1040Google Scholar; Opera, IV, 1041–1042.Google Scholar

²⁸ For the ethical significance of the communion in the life of the communicant see Foster, , op. cit., p. 48.Google Scholar

²⁹ McNeill, J. T., Unitive Protestantism, New York, 1930, pp. 47–49Google Scholar; McNeill, , Makers of Christianity, II, 193Google Scholar; Foster, , op. cit., pp. 49 ff.Google Scholar

³⁰ Inst., IV, ^{XII, 1–3, 5, 15}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 905–906, 907–908Google Scholar; on the reclamatory ends of the process of excommunication see Inst., IV, ^{XII, 10}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 911Google Scholar; Opera, IV, 830.Google Scholar

³¹ On the process of discipline, excommunication and restoration and its significance for communion see Opera, Xa, ^7–10; Inst., IV, ^{XII, 4}; Opera, II, 907.Google Scholar

³² Opera, ^{XXXIV, 115} cited by Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 629, note 5.Google Scholar

³³ Commentary on the Ephesians, , IV, 16Google Scholar, cited by McNeill, , Unitive Protestantism, pp. 31–33.Google Scholar

³⁴ Inst., III, ^{VII, 5}Google Scholar (Allen's tr.); Opera, II, 509Google Scholar, says: At scriptura ut eo nos manu ducat, praemonet, quidquid a Domino gratiarum obtinemus, esse nobis hac lege concreditum, nt in commune ecclesiae bonum conferatur. Ideoque legitimum gratiarum omnium usum esse, liberalem ae benignam cum aliis communieationem.

³⁵ Inst., II, ^{VIII, 39}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 294.Google Scholar

³⁶ Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 629–30Google Scholar; Opera, ^{XXXIII, 308–309}.

³⁷ Inst., II, ^{VIII, 55 (Beveridge tr.)}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 306Google Scholar: Sed dico, universum hominum. genus, nulla exceptione, uno caritatis affectu esse amplexandum: … nullum hic esse discrimen barbari aut Graeci, digni vel indigni, ainici vel inimici; quoniam in Deo, non in se ipsis considerandi sunt.

³⁸ Inst., III, ^{XXIII, 14}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 711.Google Scholar

³⁹ Inst., III, ^{VI, 4}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 504Google Scholar: Nom enim linguae est doctrina, sed vitae.

⁴⁰ Doumergue, , op. cit. V, 625–633Google Scholar; Opera, I, 75.Google Scholar

⁴¹ Troeltseh, , op. cit., pp. 119–120.Google Scholar

⁴² Troeltsch, , op. cit., pp. 120–121.Google Scholar

⁴³ Inst., III, ^{VII, 7}Google Scholar; Opera, II, 511–512Google Scholar. Too often (cf. Opera, IV, 194)Google Scholar: “quand un homme riche a donné quelque chose du sien, il laisse là toutes les autres charges, et, s'en exempte comme si elles ne luy appartenoyent de rien.”

⁴⁴ Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 631Google Scholar; McNeill, , Makers of Christianity, 193; McNeill, Unitive Protestantism, pp. 49–56.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ Cf. Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 631–32Google Scholar for Troeltsch's ideas more fully developed; cf. Choisy, , op. cit., pp. 278, 231, 266Google Scholar; cf. Inst., III, ^{IX, 3}Google Scholar; 1541 ed. p. 813.

⁴⁶ Troeltsch, , op. cit., pp. 120–121.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ Foster, , op. cit., pp. 30–76Google Scholar for “Calvin's Programme for a Puritan State.”

⁴⁸ Cf. the Ordonnances ecclesiastiques, Opera, Xa, 15 ff.Google Scholar, 91 ff.; cf. Kidd, B., Documents, Oxford, 1911, 591–603Google Scholar; Choisy, , op. cit., 231, 249–250Google Scholar; Harkness, G., John Calvin, N. Y., 1931, pp. 26, 28, 221 ff.Google Scholar; Inst., IV. ^{III, 9}Google Scholar; Keyburn, , op. cit., pp. 335 ff.Google Scholar

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⁵⁰ Foster, , op. cit., p. 73Google Scholar; ef. Doumergue, , op. cit., V, 233–301Google Scholar for social character and the social services of Calvin and Calvinism. For a discussion of governmental theory cf. Inst., IV, ^XX; Foster, , op. cit., pp. 36, 38–43Google Scholar; Harkness, , op. cit., pp. 221–237.Google Scholar

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⁵² Troeltseh, , op. cit., p. 121.Google Scholar