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49. NEPA, China Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan (Beijing: NEPA, 1994), p. 31–32.Google Scholar

50. The chief threat to the Suoluo (Tree Fern) National Nature Reserve is illegal felling by a nearby state logging company. See Fan Zuxiang, , oral report at “Workshop on conservation and development at Caohai Nature Reserve” (Weining county, Guizhou province, 2–7 12 1997).Google Scholar

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54. The extreme example of this phenomenon is Hainan province. Originally almost completely forested, the island's forest cover was reduced to 7.9% by 1981. Although there are 47 forest reserves on Hainan, the Ministry of Forestry/WWF team recommended re-evaluating or de-listing half of them, citing their small size and poor condition. A depressingly typical evaluation of one reserve reads, “no forest, no conservation value.” See Mackinnon, et al. A Biodiversity Review of China, pp. 441–461.Google Scholar

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84. Ibid. pp. 29, 57.

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86. Xiang, Hong and Chao, Yang, “Zhishui xian zhishan, zhishan xianzhiqiong” (“To control flooding, first control mountains; to control mountains, first control poverty”), Qingian zhoumo (Youth Weekend), 28 08 1998, p. 3.Google Scholar

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91. Research on resource accounting began in the 1980s, and has generally focused on attaching monetary values to ecological and other normally non-monetized services (such as scenic beauty) provided by natural forests. See for example, Kong, et al. Log-Pricing and Forest Resources Accounting, p. 42Google Scholar; China Council for International Co-operation on Environment and Sustainable Development Biodiversity Working Group, “First report of Phase Two” (unpublished report, Beijing, 1997), pp. 2–5.Google Scholar

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