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The Development of Mainland China's Steel Industry Since 1958*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2009

Ronald Hsia
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Extract

According to Po I-p'o (Chairman of the State Economic Commission), mainland China's steel output in 1960 amounted to 18·45 million metric tons. This output level shows an increase of 245 per cent, over 1957, or an annual average increase of 51 per cent, for the three-year period 1958–60. This latter rate is considerably higher than that achieved hi the First Five-Year Plan period. The purpose of this paper is to examine the major changes hi the steel industry which have made possible a higher growth rate since 1958, and the problems with which the industry has been confronted hi the course of expanding its output.

Type
Population Problems
Information
The China Quarterly , Volume 7 , September 1961 , pp. 112 - 120
Copyright
Copyright © The China Quarterly 1961

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References

1 I-p'o, Po, “Cheng-ch'u wo-kuo kung-yeh sheng-chan chien-she ti hsin sheng-li”Google Scholar (Strive for a new victory for our country's industrial production and construction), Hung Ch'i (Red Flag), 02 1, 1961, p. 19.Google Scholar

2 Chen-chin, Wang, “Tui kang-t'ieh sheng-chan chung chi-ke ching-chi wen-ti ti ch'ien-chien”Google Scholar (Preliminary views on some economic problems in connection with iron and steel production), Chi-hua Ching-chi (Planned Economy), 12 1958, p. 21Google Scholar; Li-yung, Wu, “Hen-hen-ti chua wei wan-ch'eng i-ling-ch'i-ling wan tun kang erh fen-tou”Google Scholar (Strive forcefully to accomplish [the target of] 10·7 million tons of steel), ibid., October 1958, p. 1.

3 Tse-tung, Mao, “Kuan-yü cheng-ch'üeh ch'u-li jen-min nei-pu mao-tun ti wen-ti”Google Scholar (On the correct handling of contradictions among the people), Jen-min Jih-pao (People's Daily), 06 19, 1957.Google Scholar

4 Lin, Ching, “Kuan-yü kang-t'ieh kung-yeh ho chi-ch'i chih-tsao kung-yeh ti pi-li kuan-hsi”Google Scholar (On the proportional relationship between the iron and steel industry and the machine-building industry), Chi-hua Ching-chi, 09 1957, p. 14.Google Scholar

5 Jen-min Jih-pao, 08 29, 1959.Google Scholar

6 “Chi-pen chien-she kung-tso ti ta-yüeh-chin” (Leap forward in capital construction work), T'ung-chi Yen-chiu (Statistical Research), Peking, Monthly, 09 1958, p. 10Google Scholar; Kwang-ming Jih-pao, Peking, 04 17, 1958.Google Scholar

7 The so-called small modern blast furnaces differ from the small native furnaces notably in the following aspects:

(a) While the volume of most small native furnaces was below one cubic meter, that of small modern furnaces is generally not under 6½ cubic meters.

(b) Unlike native furnaces, small modern furnaces generally have a casing of steel plate for the bosh and tuyere jacket zone.

(c) There is greater use of mechanical aids in handling raw materials in the case of small modern furnaces than in the case of native furnaces.

8 Computed from data supplied by the Industrial Statistics Section of the State Bureau of Statistics.

9 Jen-min Jih-pao, 08 25, 1959.Google Scholar

10 Estimated on the basis of data given in the following sources: Hsia Yün, “T'ou-tzu pao-kan shih chi-pen chien-she kuan-li chih-tu ti i-hsiang ke-ming” (“Investment guaranty” represents a revolutionary measure in capital construction administration), Hung Ch'i, 03 16, 1960, p. 26Google Scholar; State Bureau of Statistics, “Kuan-yü fa-chan kuo-min ching-chi ti ti-i-ke wu-nien (i-chiu-wu-san tao i-chiu-wu-ch'i nien) chi hua chih-hsing chieh-kuo ti kung-pao” (Communiqué on the results of implementing the First Five-Year Plan, 1953–1957), NCNA, 04 13, 1959Google Scholar; “Ta-yüeh-chin ti wei-ta shou-huo” (Great achievements of the leap forward), Chien-kuo Shih-nien (Ten years of the People's Republic of China), Hong Kong, Vol. I, p. 47.Google Scholar

11 Yeh-chin Pao (Metallurgy), 10 23, 1959.Google Scholar

12 Jen-min Jih-pao, 09 5, 1959.Google Scholar

13 Ibid., October 24, 1959; NCNA, 01 24, 1960Google Scholar; Kang-t'ieh (Iron and Steel), 09 27, 1959, p. 787.Google Scholar

14 Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), 10 7, 1959.Google Scholar

15 NCNA, 09 22, 1959.Google Scholar

16 Ibid., May 2, 1958.

17 Yeh-chin Pao, 10 9, 1959.Google Scholar

18 Chi-hua yü T'ung-chi (Planning and Statistics), 06 1959Google Scholar; Jen-nun Jih-pao, 10 30, 1958.Google Scholar

19 Yeh-chin Pao, 10 9, 1959.Google Scholar

20 For an account of the findings of the inspection at the Wuhan Iron and Steel Company, see Jen-nun Jih-pao, 06 17, 1959.Google Scholar

21 Ibid., October 16, 1959.