Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T04:53:17.313Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Left ventricular myocardial velocities in healthy children: quantitative assessment by tissue Doppler echocardiography and relation to the characteristics of filling of the left ventricle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2005

Canan Ayabakan  and
Süheyla Özkutlu
Canan Ayabakan
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
Süheyla Özkutlu
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Aim: To assess the myocardial velocities of the mitral annulus, left ventricular lateral wall, and midseptum in healthy children, and to compare these parameters with transmitral and pulmonary venous velocities. Methods and results: We examined 72 children, half being male, who had no systemic or cardiac pathologies. Their mean age was 6.73 ± 5.10 years, with a range from 0.1 to 17.75 years, and a median age of 6.71 years. Each parameter was measured twice, at end inspiration and end expiration. The tissue velocities are similar in males and females (p > 0.05). The longitudinal velocity of the heart in early diastole has a positive correlation with age (p < 0.05; midseptum velocity r = 0.57, left ventricular lateral wall velocity r = 0.56, mitral annulus velocity r = 0.56), and the tissue velocities are not influenced by respiration (p > 0.05). The myocardial velocities of different segments of the left ventricle are not correlated with the transmitral or pulmonary venous flows (p < 0.05). When age is controlled for heart rate, age mainly affects the systolic velocity of the mitral annulus and the early diastolic velocity of the midseptum in longitudinal axis, as well as the early diastolic velocity of the midseptum in transverse axis (p > 0.05 for all, r = 0.34, 0.29, 0.30 respectively). Conclusion: This study, which has determined reference values for tissue velocities in a large healthy group of children, will now set the scene for further studies in children with heart disease.

Keywords

Myocardial velocityDoppler echocardiographyhealthy children
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 156 - 163
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Garcia MJ, Thomas JD, Klein AL. New Doppler echocardiographic applications for the study of diastolic function. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32: 865–875.Google Scholar
Nishimura RA, Abel MD, Hatle LK, Tajik AJ. Assessment of diastolic function of the heart: background and current applications of Doppler echocardiography. Part II: clinical studies. Mayo Clin Proc 1989; 64: 181–204.Google Scholar
Bach DS, Armstrong WF, Donovan CL, Muller DW. Quantitative Doppler tissue imaging for assessment of regional myocardial velocities during transient ischemia and reperfusion. Am Heart J 1996; 132: 721–725.Google Scholar
Derumeaux G, Ovize M, Loufoua J, et al. Doppler tissue imaging quantities regional wall motion during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Circulation 1998; 19: 1970–1977.Google Scholar
Nixdorff U, Rupprecht HJ, Mohr-Kahaly S, Kremer M, Bickel C, Meyer J. Tissue Doppler echocardiography: a new method of evaluating perfusion-dependent myocardial function during PTCA. Int J Card Imaging 1997; 13: 99–103.Google Scholar
Pye MP, Pringle SD, Cobbe SM. Reference values and reproducibility of Doppler echocardiography in the assessment of the tricuspid valve and right ventricular diastolic function in normal subjects. Am J Cardiol 1991; 67: 269–273.Google Scholar
Donovan CL, Armstrong WF, Bach DS. Quantitative Doppler tissue imaging of the left ventricular myocardium: validation in normal subjects. Am Heart J 1995; 130: 100–104.Google Scholar
Galiuto L, Ignýne G, DeMaria AN. Contraction and relaxation velocities of normal left ventricle using pulsed wave tissue Doppler echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 1998; 81: 609–614.Google Scholar
Palka P, Lange A, Flemming AD, Shutherland GR, Fenn LN, McDicken WN. Doppler tissue imaging: myocardial wall motion velocities in normal subjects. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995; 8: 659–668.Google Scholar
Swaminathan S, Ferrer PL, Wolff GS, Gomez-Marin O, Rusconi PG. Usefulness of tissue Doppler echocardiography for evaluating ventricular function in children without heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91: 570–574.Google Scholar
Holmgren SM, Golberg SJ, Donnerstein RL. Influence of age, body size and heart rate on left ventricular diastolic indexes in young subjects. Am J Cardiol 1991; 68: 1245–1247.Google Scholar
Miller TR, Grossman SJ, Schectman KB, Biello DR, Ludbrook PA, Ehsani AA. Left ventricular diastolic filling and its association with age. Am J Cardiol 1986; 58: 531–535.Google Scholar
Gulati VK, Katz WE, Follansbee WP, Gorcsan J. Mitral annular descent velocity by tissue Doppler echocardiography as an index of global left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol 1996; 77: 979–984.Google Scholar
Garcia MJ, Rodriguez L, Ares M, et al. Myocardial wall velocity assessment by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging: characteristic findings in normal subjects. Am Heart J 1996; 132: 648–656.Google Scholar
Gorcsan J III, Gulati VK, Mandarino WA, Katz WE. Color-coded measures of myocardial velocity throughout the cardiac cycle by tissue Doppler imaging to quantify regional left ventricular function. Am Heart J 1996; 131: 1203–1213.Google Scholar
Edvardsen T, Gerber BL, Garot J, Bluemke DA, Lima JAC, Smiseth OA. Quantitative assessment of intrinsic regional myocardial deformation by Doppler strain rate echocardiography in humans. Circulation 2002; 106: 50–56.Google Scholar
Weidemann F, Eyskens B, Jamal F, et al. Quantification of regional left and right ventricular radial and longitudianl function in healthy children using ultrasound-based strain rate and strain imaging. Am J Cardiol 2002; 15: 20–28.Google Scholar
Nagueh SF, Sun H, Kopelen HA, Middleton KJ, Khoury DS. Hemodynamic determinants of mitral annulus diastolic velocities by tissue Doppler. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37: 278–285.Google Scholar
Sohn DW, Chai IH, Lee DJ, et al. Assessment of mitral annulus velocity by Doppler tissue imaging in the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30: 474–480.Google Scholar
Sade E, Severyn DA, Kanzaki H, Dohi K, Gorcsan J. Second-generation tissue Doppler with angle-corrected color-coded wall displacement for quantitative assessment of regional left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol 2003; 92: 554–560.Google Scholar