Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T15:05:18.674Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Embryonic ventricular diastolic and systolic pressure-volume relations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2008

Bradley B. Keller ,
Joseph P. Tinney  and
Norman Hu
Bradley B. Keller*
Affiliation:
From the Strong Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester
Joseph P. Tinney
Affiliation:
From the Strong Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester
Norman Hu
Affiliation:
From the Strong Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester
*
Division of Pediatric Cardiology,University of Rochester,601 Elmwood Avenue,Box 631,Rochester,NY 14642,USA. Tel. (716) 275-6096; Fax. (716) 275-7436.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The embryonic heart and vascular bed interact dynamically to support rapid growth of the embryo during cardiovascular development. Pressure-volume relations define ventricular function during alterations in loading conditions. We analyzed these relationships in the embryonic heart in order to define ventricular function and the response of the ventricle and vascular bed to acute changes in preload. We simultaneously measured ventricular pressure and recorded 60 video images per second in n≥6 stage 16, 18 and 21 white Leghorn chick embryos at baseline and during the infusion of 1–2 microliters of physiologic buffer into the venous sinus (sinus venosus). Ventricular tetany was then induced with the topical application of 2 Molar sodium chloride. Video fields were traced for ventricular pressure and epicardial cross-sectional area. Cross-sectional area was converted to volume assuming ellipsoid geometry, and cavity volume was calculated as total volume minus wall volume derived from the tetanized heart. We defined end-diastole at the onset of ventricular contraction and end-systole at maximum pressure/volume ratio. Stroke volume increased linearly with end-diastolic volume. End-diastolic pressure-volume relations were positive and linear, and end-systolic pressure-volume relations were curvilinear downward. Arterial elastance decreased with growth of the embryo and with volume infusion. Pressure-volume loop area, an index of consumption of energy, doubled between the embryonic stages. Thus, embryonic ventricular pressure-volume relations define diastolic and systolic function at rest and in response to altered preload.

Keywords

Cardiovascular developmentchick embryopressure-volume relationsventricular/vascular coupling
Type
World Forum for Pediatric Cardiology Young Investigator Finalists
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , January 1994 , pp. 19 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Hu, N, Clark, EB.Hemodynamics of the stage 12 to stage 29 chick embryo. Circ Res 1989; 65: 1665–1670.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teitel, DF, Klautz, P, Steednijk, P, van der Velde, ET, van Bel, F, Baan, J.The end-systolic pressure-volume relationship in the newborn lamb: Effects of loading and inotropic interventions. Pediatr Res 1991; 29: 473–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yin, FCP. Aging and vascular impedance. In: Yin, FCP (ed). Ventricular Vascular Coupling: Clinical, Physiological, and Engineering Aspects. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 115–139.Google Scholar
Sagawa, K, Maughan, L, Suga, H, Sunagawa, K. Historical overview. In: Cardiac Contraction and the Pressure-Volume Relationship. Oxford Press, New York, 1988, pp 8–28.Google Scholar
Sunagawa, K, Sagawa, K, Maughan, WL. Ventricular interaction with the vascular system in terms of pressure-volume relationships. In: Yin, FCP (ed). Ventricular Vascular Coupling: Clinical, Physiological, and Engineering Aspects. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987, pp 210–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, WW, O'rourke, MF. Pulsatile pressure/flow relations. In: Blood Flow in Arteries: Theoretical, Experimental, and Clinical Principles, III. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1990, pp 125–142.Google Scholar
Keller, BB, Hu, N, Clark, EB.Correlation of ventricular area, perimeter, and conotruncal diameter with ventricular mass and function in the stage 12 to 24 chick embryo. Circ Res 1990; 66: 109–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keller, BB, Hu, N, Serrino, PJ, Clark, EB.Ventricular pressure-area loop characteristics in the stage 16 to 24 chick embryo. Circ Res 1991; 68: 226–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, EB, Hu, N, Frommelt, P, Vandekieft, GK, Dummett, JL, Tomanek, RJ.Effect of increased ventricular pressure on heart growth in chick embryo. Am J Physiol 1989; 257: H55–H61.Google Scholar
Clark, EB, Hu, N, Turner, DR, Litter, JE, Hansen, J.Effect of chronic verapamil treatment on the ventricular function and growth in chick embryos. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: H166–H171.Google ScholarPubMed
Hamburger, V, Hamilton, HL.A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol 1951; 88: 49–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hu, N, Connuck, DM, Keller, BB, Clark, EB.Diastolic filling characteristics in the stage 12 to 27 chick embryo ventricle. Pediatr Res 1991; 29: 334–337.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nakazawa, M, Miyagawa, S, Takao, A, Hu, N, Clark, EB.Hemodynamic effects of environmental hyperthermia in the stage 18, 21, and 24 chick embryo. Pediatr Res 1986; 20: 1213–1215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benson, DW Jr, Hughes, SF, Hu, N, Clark, EBEffect of heart rate increase on dorsal aortic flow before and after volume loading in the stage 24 chick embryo. Pediatr Res 1989; 26:245–249.Google ScholarPubMed
Cuneo, B, Hughes, S, Benson, DW Jr. Heart rate perturbation in the chick embroyo: a comparison of two methods. Am J Physiol 1991; 260: H1864–H1869.Google Scholar
Patten, BM, Kramer, TC, Barry, A.Valvular action in the embryonic chick heart by localized apposition of endocardial masses. Anat Rec 1948; 102: 299–311.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taber, LA, Keller, BB, Clark, EB.Cardiac mechanics in the stage16 chick embryo. J Biomech Eng 1992; 114: 427–434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waldman, LK, Nosan, D, Villarreal, F, Covell, JW.Relation between transmural deformation and local myofiber direction in canine left ventricle. Circ Res 1988; 63: 550–562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, EB, Hu, N, Dummett, JL, Vandekieft, GK, Olson, C, Tomanek, R.Ventricular function and morphology in chick embryo from stages 18 to 29. Am J Physiol 1986; 250: H 407–H 413.Google ScholarPubMed
Rasmussen, CAF Jr, Sutko, JL, Barry, WH.Effects of ryanodine and caffeine on contractility, membrane voltage, and calcium exchange in cultured heart cells. Circ Res 1987; 60: 495–504.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maughan, WL, Sunagawa, K, Burkhoff, D, Sagawa, K.Effect of arterial impedance changes on the end-systolic pressure-volume relation. Circ Res 1985; 54: 595–602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zahka, KG, Hu, N, Brin, KP, Yin, FCP, Clark, EB.Aortic impedance and hydraulic power in the chick embryo from stages 18 to 29. Circ Res 1989; 64: 1091–1095.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sagawa, K, Maughan, L, Suga, H, Sunagawa, K. Energetics of the Heart. In: Cardiac Contraction and the Pressure-Volume Relationship. Oxford Press, New York, 1988, pp 171–231.Google Scholar