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Critical care of patients with paediatric valvar cardiac disease*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 December 2014

Ryan A. Moore ,
Saul Flores  and
David S. Cooper
Ryan A. Moore
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
Saul Flores
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
David S. Cooper*
Affiliation:
The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: D. S. Cooper, MD, MPH, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2003, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States of America. Tel: +513 803 1801; Fax: 513-636-3847; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Valvar cardiac disease accounts for a large percentage of heart lesions in the paediatric population. There are a variety of congenital and acquired valvar lesions produced by different mechanisms that produce unique physiologies. With the development of more advanced cardiac interventional procedures and congenital cardiac surgery techniques, most of these lesions can be repaired in a single or multi-stage approach. Given the potential for significant symptomatology before intervention, it is imperative to review the critical care management of paediatric valvar heart disease. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current critical care management of valvar cardiac disease. We approach each cardiac valve individually in order to review the pathophysiology caused by valve dysfunction (obstruction and incompetence) and elaborate on the most frequent diagnoses, specific cardiac physiology, potential for other organ system associations, and perioperative management.

Keywords

Paediatric cardiac valve diseasemitral stenosismitral regurgitationtricuspid stenosistricuspid regurgitationpulmonary stenosis, and pulmonary regurgitation
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 24 , Issue 6: HeartWeek 2014 , December 2014 , pp. 1071 - 1076
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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Footnotes

*

Presented at All Children’s Hospital Johns Hopkins Medicine 14th International Symposium on Congenital Heart Disease, Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States of America, 15–18 February 2014, Special Focus: Diseases of the Cardiac Valves from the Fetus to the Adult, Co-Sponsor: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS).

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