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Breakfast frequency, adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors as markers in adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2015

Suziane U. Cayres ,
Ismael F. F. Júnior ,
Maurício F. Barbosa ,
Diego G. D. Christofaro  and
Rômulo A. Fernandes
Suziane U. Cayres*
Affiliation:
Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University – UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise – LIVE, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
Ismael F. F. Júnior
Affiliation:
Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University – UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University – UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
Maurício F. Barbosa
Affiliation:
Program of Post-Graduate in Radiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo – UNIFESP, Brazil
Diego G. D. Christofaro
Affiliation:
Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University – UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise – LIVE, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
Rômulo A. Fernandes
Affiliation:
Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University – UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise – LIVE, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
*
Correspondence to: S. U. Cayres, MSc, Department of Physical Education, Roberto Simonsen Street, 305, Presidente Prudente, 19060900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Tel: +183 229 5400; Fax: (18) 3221-4391; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective

To analyse the relationship between skipping breakfast and haemodynamic, metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out with information from an ongoing cohort study in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil. The sample comprised of 120 adolescents (11.7±0.8 years old) who met the following inclusion criteria: age between 11 and 14 years; enrolled in the school unit of elementary education; absence of any known disease; and no drug consumption. The parents or legal guardians of the patients signed a formal informed consent. Skipping breakfast was self-reported through face-to-face interviews. Blood pressure, intima-media thickness, trunk fatness, total and fractional cholesterol levels – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol – triacylglycerol levels, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were measured.

Results

In this study, 47.5% (95% CI: 38.5–56.4%) of the adolescents reported skipping breakfast at least 1 day/week. Adolescents who skipped breakfast had higher values of trunk fatness and systolic blood pressure. Breakfast frequency was negatively related to systolic blood pressure (β −1.99 [−3.67; −0.31]) and z score dyslipidaemia (β −0.46 [−0.90; −0.01]), but this relationship was mediated by trunk fatness.

Conclusion

Skipping breakfast is related to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, and this relationship was mainly mediated by trunk fatness.

Keywords

Adolescentcardiovascular risk factorsskipping breakfast
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , February 2016 , pp. 244 - 249
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2015 

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