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Neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass—a review of current practice in North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2008

Robert C. Groom ,
Aaron G. Hill ,
Bechara Akl ,
Mark Kurusz  and
Edward A. Lefrak
Robert C. Groom*
Affiliation:
From the Virginia Heart Center, Falls Church and The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Aaron G. Hill
Affiliation:
From the Virginia Heart Center, Falls Church and The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Bechara Akl
Affiliation:
From the Virginia Heart Center, Falls Church and The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Mark Kurusz
Affiliation:
From the Virginia Heart Center, Falls Church and The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
Edward A. Lefrak
Affiliation:
From the Virginia Heart Center, Falls Church and The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
*
Mr. Robert C. Groom, Perfusion Department, Cardiac Surgery, Fairfax Hospital, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22046, USA. Tel. 703-698-3728; Fax. 703-698-2733.
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Extract

One of the most challenging applications of cardiopulmonary bypass is corrective cardiac surgery in the neonate. The small size and high metabolic demand of these patients require miniaturized but efficient equipment. Even with the most advanced components, the volume required to prime the perfusion circuit is typically more than twice the blood volume of a neonate. Neonates have limited cardiac and pulmonary reserves and, therefore, great care is required to preserve those organs that have often already been subjected to hypoxemia, congestive heart failure, or low cardiac output prior to surgery. There is a tendency toward extravascular movement of fluids in newborns subjected to bypass that can adversely affect outcome. Careful monitoring and precise management of perfusion are essential to a successful procedure and optimal recovery of these patients.

Keywords

Cardiopulmonary bypasscardiac surgeryneonate
Type
World Forum for Pediatric Cardiology Symposium on Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Part 2)
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 3 , Issue 4 , October 1993 , pp. 353 - 369
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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