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Effets des benzodiazépines sur la performance cognitive et psychomotrice des personnes âgées souffrant d'insomnie

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2010

Anouk M. Gagné  and
Charles M. Morin
Anouk M. Gagné
Affiliation:
Université Laval
Charles M. Morin
Affiliation:
Université Laval
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Abstract

This study investigates the effects of chronic use of benzodiazepines (BZ) as hypnotics on the neuropsychological performance of older adults with insomnia. Twenty-one older persons who had used BZ on a chronic basis (average duration = 21.7 years) for their sleep difficulties were enrolled in a medication withdrawal program. A neuropsychological evaluation was conducted before and after the taper program. A control group composed of older adults not using BZs and without sleep complaints were also evaluated for comparative purpose. The results showed that prolonged use of BZ produces mild and selective impairments of cognitive and psychomotor performance. However, BZ users subjectively evaluated their own performance much more negatively than good sleepers. The results are discussed in terms of a possible amplification of performance deficits among insomnia patients and also as a tolerance to adverse effects that develops with prolonged utilization of BZ.

Résumé

Cette étude évalue les effets de l'utilisation chronique de benzodiazépines (BZ) comme hypnotiques sur la performance de personnes âgées souffrant d'insomnie. Vingt et une personnes âgées utilisant des BZ depuis plusieurs années (durée moyenne d'utilisation = 21.7 ans) pour des difficultés de sommeil participent à un programme de sevrage de BZ. Une évaluation neuropsychologique est effectuée avant et après le sevrage. Un groupe contrôle composé de personnes âgées ne se plaignant pas de difficultés de sommeil et n'utilisant pas de BZ pour dormir est aussi évalué pour fins de comparaison. Les résultats indiquent que l'utilisation prolongée de BZ affecte la performance cognitive et psychomotrice, mais de façon plutôt limitée et sélective. Cependant, l'évaluation subjective que font les utilisateurs de BZ de leur performance est beaucoup plus négative que celle des non-utilisateurs et bons dormeurs. Les résultats sont discutés en fonction d'une amplification possible des déficits associés aux BZ chez les personnes souffrant d'insomnie et à une tolerance aux effets secondaires lors d'une utilisation prolongée de BZ.

Keywords

InsomniaBenzodiazepinesHypnoticsPerformance.Insomniebenzodiazépineshypnotiquesperformance.
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , Hiver/Winter 2000 , pp. 479 - 493
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 2000

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