Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T23:34:57.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Integrating a Performance-Based Observation Measure of Functional Status into a Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Aging*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2010

Marcia Finlayson ,
Betty Havens ,
Margo B. Holm  and
Toni Van Denend
Marcia Finlayson*
Affiliation:
University of Illinois at Chicago
Betty Havens
Affiliation:
University of Manitoba
Margo B. Holm
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Toni Van Denend
Affiliation:
University of Illinois at Chicago
*
Requests for offprints should be sent to: / Les demandes de tirés-a-part doivent être adressées à : Marcia Finlayson, PhD, OT (C), OTR/L, Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago (MC 811), 1919 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60612. ([email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Over the past 15 to 20 years there has been discussion and debate in the gerontological literature about the relative merits of self-report versus performance-based observational (PBO) measures of functional status. In 2001 the Aging in Manitoba Longitudinal Study had the opportunity to add a PBO measure of functional status and use it together with two self-report measures on a sub-sample of 138 participants. The PBO measure that was used was the Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills, Version 3.1 (Home). Using ranks of the proportion of participants who were independent in nine different tasks, no significant correlations were found between the performance measure scores and either of the self-report measures. This finding suggests that using self-report data rather than performance data could lead program developers and policy makers to different conclusions about the extent of need for assistance among older adults.

Résumé

Depuis 15 à 20 ans, il y a eu discussion et débat dans la littérature gérontologique au sujet des biens-fondé de l'auto-rapport versus les mesures par les compétences caractéristiques (Performance-based observational measures — PBO) du statut fonctionnel. En 2001, l'étude manitobaine intitulée « Aging in Manitoba Longitudinal Study », a eu la chance d'ajouter une mesure PBO du statut fonctionnel ; de plus l'étude l'a utilisé de concert avec deux mesures de l'auto-rapport lors d'un sous-échantillon de 138 participants. L'évaluation de la performance des compétences en matière d'autosoins, Version 3.1 (maison) est la mesure PBO utilisée. En utilisant les niveaux de succession de la fréquence de participants qui sont indépendants dans 9 tâches différentes, la recherche n'a pas trouvé de corrélation significative entre les résultats de la performance des compétences et une ou l'autre des mesures de l'autorapport. Cette conclusion suggère que l'utilisation des données d'auto-rapport plutôt que des données de compétences par les développeurs de programmes et les stratèges, pourrait mener à de différentes conclusions au sujet de l'étendu du besoin d'aide au sein des personnes âgées.

Keywords

aginglongitudinal researchmeasurementfunctional statusself-report versus performance-basedvieillissementrecherches diachroniquesmesuresstatut fonctionnelauto-rapport versus compétences caractéristiques
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , Summer/L'été 2003 , pp. 185 - 195
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

The Aging in Manitoba Study (B. Havens, Principal Investigator) is supported by funding from Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and Manitoba Health and receives administrative support from the Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba. Partial support for the work presented in this paper was also provided by the Department of Occupational Therapy at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance and support of Madelyn Hall, M.A. (AIM Research Associate), Leedine Lah, M.Sc. (AIM Field Coordinator), Joan C. Rogers, Ph.D., OTR/L, FAOTA, ABDA (PASS Co-Creator), and Carolyn Wilkens, B.S. (Research Assistant). Special thanks to Baila Miller, Ph.D. for her valuable comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.

References

Chappell, N.L. (1981). Measuring functional ability and chronic health conditions among the elderly: A research note on the adequacy of three instruments. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 90–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chipperfield, J.G., Havens, B., & Doig, W. (1998). Method and description of the Aging in Manitoba Project: A 20-year longitudinal study. Canadian Journal on Aging, 16(4), 606–625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cress, M.E., Schechtman, K.B., Mulrow, C.D., Fiatarone, M.A., Gerety, M.B., & Buchner, D.M. (1995). Relationship between physical performance and self-perceived physical function. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 43, 93–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of Health (1990). Aging in Manitoba – 1983/4. Winnipeg, MB: Province of Manitoba.Google Scholar
Division of Research, Department of Health and Social Development. (1973). Aging in Manitoba: A study of the needs of the elderly and of resources available to meet the needs. Winnipeg, MB: Author.Google Scholar
Edwards, M.M. (1990). The reliability and validity of self-report activities of daily living scales. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 57, 273–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, M. (2002). Changes predicting the use of long-term care among the oldest-old. The Gerontologist, 42(4), 443–453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finlayson, M., & Havens, B. (2001). Changes in ADL, IADL and long-term care use in the oldest-old participants of the Aging in Manitoba Longitudinal Study. Canadian Journal on Aging, 20(2), 271–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guralnik, J.M., Branch, L.G., Cummings, S.R., & Curb, J.D. (1989). Physical performance measures in aging research. The Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 44(5), 141–146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holm, M.B., (1997, April 14). The performance assessment of self-care skills – Functional outcomes studies: How to document treatment effectiveness. Paper presented to the American Occupational Therapy Foundation Institute, American Occupational Therapy Association Annual Conference, Orlando, FL.Google Scholar
Holm, M.B., & Rogers, J.C. (1999). Functional assessment: The Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills (PASS). In Hemphill, B.J. (Ed.), Assessments in occupational therapy mental health: An integrative approach (pp. 117–124). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.Google Scholar
Kempen, G.I., Steverink, N., Ormel, J., & Deeg, D.J. (1996). The assessment of ADL among frail elderly in an interview survey: Self-report versus performance-based tests and determinants of discrepancies. The Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 51B(5), 254–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kempen, G.I., van Heuvelen, M.J., van den Brink, R.H., Kooijman, A.C., Klein, M., Houx, P.J., & Ormel, J. (1996). Factors affecting contrasting results between self-reported and performance-based levels of physical limitation. Age & Ageing, 25(6), 458–464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Law, M. (1993). Evaluating activities of daily living: Directions for the future. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47(3), 233–237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mossey, J.M., Havens, B., Roos, N.P., & Shapiro, E. (1981). The Manitoba longitudinal study on aging: Description and methods. The Gerontologist, 21, 551–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, A.M., Holliday, P.J., Harvey, K.A., & Hutchinson, K.S. (1993). Functional performance measures: Are they superior to self-assessments? Journal of Gerontology, 48(5), M196–M206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reuben, D.B., Siu, A.L., & Kimpau, S. (1992). The predictive validity of self-report and performance-based measures of function and health. The Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 47(4), 106–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reuben, D.B., Valle, L.A., Hays, R. D., & Siu, A.L. (1995). Measuring physical function in community-dwelling older persons: A comparison of self-administered, interviewer-administered and performance-based measures. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 43, 17–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, J.C. (1986). Occupational therapy assessment for older adults with depression: Asking the right questions. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 5, 13–33.Google Scholar
Rogers, J.C. & Holm, M.B. (1994). Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills (PASS). Unpublished performance-based observation tool (beta version 3.1). Available from authors, 5022 Forbes Tower, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260.Google Scholar
Rogers, J.C., & Holm, M.B. (2000). Daily-living skills and habits of older women with depression. Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 20(Suppl. 1), 68S–85S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, J.C., Holm, M.B., Beach, S., Schulz, R., & Starz, T. (2001). Task independence, safety and adequacy among nondisabled and OAK-disabled older women. Arthritis Care and Research, 45, 410–418.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sager, M.A., Dunham, N., Schwantes, A., Mecum, L., Hal-verson, K., & Harlowe, D. (1992). Measurement of activities of daily living in hospitalized elderly: A comparison of self-report and performance-based methods. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 40, 457–462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sinoff, G., & Ore, L. (1997). The Barthel activities of daily living index: Self-reporting versus actual performance in the old-old (> or = 75 years). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 45, 832–836.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skurla, E., Rogers, J.C., & Sunderland, T. (1988). Direct assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 36, 97–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SPSS for Windows, Version 10.1.4 [Computer Software]. (2001). Chicago, IL: SPSS.Google Scholar
Watson, D.E. (1997). Task analysis: An occupational performance approach. Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.Google Scholar
Wijlhuizen, G.J., & Ooijendijk, W. (1999). Measuring disability: The agreement between self-evaluation and observation of performance. Disability & Rehabilitation, 21(2): 61–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed