Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T05:39:16.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Geochemical Risk Factors for Mental Functioning, Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA) II. The Role of pH

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2010

W. F. Forbes ,
C. A. McAiney ,
L. M. Hayward  and
N. Agwani
W. F. Forbes
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo
C. A. McAiney
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo
L. M. Hayward
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo
N. Agwani
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Previous papers reported on the associations between water quality and a measure of cognitive impairment, based on data of the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA). The present report summarizes the information on fluoride (F) and aluminum (Al) and provides additional information on the effects of pH. Specifically, our preliminary results suggest that a neutral pH, relatively low Al and relatively high F concentrations in drinking water decrease the odds of showing indications of cognitive impairment by a factor of about five, compared with other types of drinking water. The relevant chemical reaction is ascribed to an equilibrium involving Al complexes.

Résumé

Selon les données de l'étude longitudinale sur le vieillissement de l'Ontario (Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging), des études antérieures ont révélé des liens entre la qualité de l'eau et un degré de déficit cognitif. La présente étude résume les renseignements relatifs au fluorure (F) et à l'aluminium (Al), et fournit des renseignements additionnels sur les effets du coefficient d'acidité (pH). En particulier, les résultats préliminaires ont révélé qu'un coefficient d'acidité neutre, c'est-à-dire comptant une petite quantité d'aluminium et une concentration importante de fluorure dans l'eau potable, diminue par un facteur d'environ cinq la possibilité de relever les indices d'un déficit cognitif comparativement à d'autres types d'eau potable. La réaction chimique pertinente est attribuée à un équilibre où interviennent des complexes d'aluminium.

Keywords

Cognitive ImpairmentAluminumFluoridepH.Détérioration cognitivealuminiumfluorurepH.
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , Été/Summer 1994 , pp. 249 - 267
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Birchall, J.D. (1991). The role of silicon in aluminium toxicity. In Alzheimer's Disease and the Environment. Proceeds of an extended panel discussion held in London on 13–14 June 1991 (pp. 70–77). Oxford: Alden Press.Google Scholar
Birchall, J.D. (1992). The interrelationship between silicon and aluminium in the biological effects of aluminium. Aluminium in biology and medicine (Ciba Foundation Symposium 169, pp. 50–68). Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Crapper McLachlan, D.R., Kruck, T.P., Lukiw, W.J., & Krishnan, S.S. (1991). Would decreased aluminum ingestion reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease? Canadian Medical Association Journal, 145(7), 793–804.Google Scholar
Driscoll, C.T., & Letterman, R.D. (1988). Chemistry and Fate of Al(III) in Treated Drinking Water. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 114(1), 21–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Driscoll, C.T., & Schecher, W.D. (1990). The chemistry of aluminum in the environment. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 12(1/2), 28–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flaten, T.P. (1990). Geographical associations between aluminium in drinking water and death rates with dementia (including Alzheimer's disease), Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Norway. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 12(1/2), 152–167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forbes, W.F., Hayward, L.M., & Agwani, N. (1991). Dementia, aluminium, and fluoride. The Lancet, 338, 1592–1593.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forbes, W.F., Hayward, L.M., & Agwani, N. (1992). Geochemical Risk Factors for Mental Functioning, Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA). I. Results from a Preliminary Investigation. Canadian Journal on Aging, 11(3), 269–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forbes, W.F., & McAiney, C.A. (1992). Aluminium and Dementia. The Lancet, 340, 668–669, September 12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forbes, W.F., McPherson, B.D., & Shadbolt-Forbes, M.A. (1989). The Validation of Longitudinal Studies: The Case of the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA). Canadian Journal on Aging, 8(1), 51–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jekel, M.R., & Heinzmann, B. (1989). Residual Aluminium in Drinking-Water Treatment. Aqua, 38, 281–288.Google Scholar
Manahan, S.E. (1990). Environmental chemistry and chemical hazards. In Environmental Chemistry (4th ed.). Boston: Lewis Publishers.Google Scholar
Marquis, J.K. (1989). Neurotoxicity of aluminum. In Lewis, T.E. (Ed.), Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Aluminum. Michigan: Lewis Publishers.Google Scholar
Martin, R.B. (1986). Citrate binding of Al3+ and Fe3+. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 28, 181–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neri, L.C., & Hewitt, D. (1991). Aluminium, Alzheimer's disease and drinking water. The Lancet, 338, 390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shi, B., & Haug, A. (1990). Aluminum Uptake by Neuroblastoma Cells. Journal of Neurochemistry, 55(2), 551–558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed