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A 10-Year Follow-Up of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence among the Oldest Old in the Community: The Canadian Study of Health and Aging

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2010

Truls Østbye ,
Arnfinn Seim ,
Katrina M. Krause ,
John Feightner ,
Vladimir Hachinski ,
Elizabeth Sykes  and
Steinar Hunskaar
Truls Østbye*
Affiliation:
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
Arnfinn Seim
Affiliation:
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Katrina M. Krause
Affiliation:
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
John Feightner
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario, London, ON
Vladimir Hachinski
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario, London, ON
Elizabeth Sykes
Affiliation:
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
Steinar Hunskaar
Affiliation:
University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
*
Requests for offprints should be sent to: / Les demandes de tirés-à-part doivent être adressées à : Truls Ø;stbye, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Box 2914, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27713. ([email protected])
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Abstract

Urinary incontinence is common in the elderly. The epidemiology of fecal and double (urinary and fecal) incontinence is less known. The Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) is a national study of elderly living in the community at baseline (n = 8,949) and interviewed in 1991–1992, 1996, and 2001. Using data from the CSHA, we report the prevalence of urinary, fecal, and double incontinence in each wave and the cumulative incidence between waves and investigate the predictors of urinary and fecal incontinence. Urinary incontinence increased rapidly in old age, being almost twice as high in women as in men. Fecal and double incontinence were less common, but also increased rapidly with age. In women, parity showed a positive relationship with (prevalent) urinary incontinence. In men, diabetes was a risk factor for urinary and fecal incontinence. We conclude that urinary, fecal, and double incontinence increase rapidly with age and that inquiry about incontinence should be part of routine medical and nursing assessment of all elderly.

Résumé

L'incontinence urinaire est un phénomène fréquent chez les personnes âgées. Toutefois, l'épidémiologie de l'incontinence fécale et de l'incontinence double (urinaire et fécale) est moins connue. L'Étude sur la santé et le vieillissement au Canada (ÉSVC) est une étude nationale menée auprès d'un échantillon-témoin de personnes âgées résidant dans la communauté (n = 8 949) et ayant participé à des entrevues en 1991–1992, 1996 et 2001. Nous avons examiné, à partir des données de l'ÉSVC, la prévalence de l'incontinence urinaire, fécale et double au cours de chaque cycle, ainsi que l'incidence cumulative entre les cycles, et recherché les prédicteurs de l'incontinence urinaire et fécale. L'incontinence urinaire augmente rapidement avec l'âge et est près de deux fois plus fréquente chez les femmes que chez les hommes. L'incontinence fécale et l'incontinence double sont moins courantes, mais augmentent elles aussi rapidement avec l'âge. Chez les femmes, la parité (le nombre d'enfants mis au monde) influe sur l'incontinence urinaire (prévalente). Chez les hommes, le diabète est un facteur de risque d'incontinence urinaire et fécale. Nous en concluons que l'incontinence urinaire, l'incontinence fécale et l'incontinence double augmentent rapidement avec l'âge et que la question devrait être systématiquement explorée lors de l'examen médical et de l'évaluation infirmière de routine des personnes âgées.

Keywords

agingurinary incontinencefecal incontinencedouble incontinenceincidencerisk factorslongitudinal studyvieillissementincontinence urinaireincontinence fécaledouble incontinenceincidencefacteurs de risqueétude longitudinale
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , Winter/Hiver 2004 , pp. 319 - 331
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 2004

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