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Reconciling Canada Day? Canada Day Cancellation Statements in 2021

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 February 2025

Daisy Raphael*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, Huron College, Western University, 1349 Western Rd, London, ON N6G 1H3, Canada
Christine Funk
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
*
Corresponding author: Daisy Raphael; Email: [email protected]

Abstract

This article examines statements issued by municipal governments, local organizations, and Indigenous communities that cancelled Canada Day celebrations in 2021, following news confirming physical evidence of unmarked graves at former residential schools. We argue that the statements reflect political logics of the past, present, and future, including dominant national narratives of liberal multiculturalism, residual logics of white nationalism, and emergent, transformative projects of Indigenous-defined reconciliation and resurgence. Through dominant narratives, the policy of cancelling Canada Day is presented as an expression of Canadian values, while settler-colonialism is obscured. Meanwhile, the residual white nationalism of the post-Confederation movement surfaces as statements tend to speak to an imagined normative Canadian subject who—only temporarily—suspends their celebration of the nation-state. Finally, the statements evidence emergent political forces, including Indigenous articulations of transformative reconciliation, resistance to settler-colonialism, and expressions of sovereignty, which signal the potential for major shifts in practices of national celebration in Canada.

Résumé

Résumé

Le présent article examine les déclarations formulées par les municipalités, les organisations locales et les communautés autochtones qui ont annulé les célébrations de la fête du Canada en 2021 à la suite de preuves attestant l'existence de tombes anonymes dans d'anciens pensionnats. Nous soutenons que ces déclarations reflètent les logiques politiques du passé, du présent et de l'avenir, y compris les récits nationaux dominants du multiculturalisme libéral, les logiques résiduelles du nationalisme blanc et les projets émergents et transformateurs de réconciliation et de résurgence définis par les Autochtones. À travers les récits dominants, la politique d'annulation de la fête du Canada est présentée comme une expression des valeurs canadiennes et le colonialisme est occulté. Parallèlement, le nationalisme blanc résiduel de la période qui suit la Confédération fait surface, car les déclarations tendent à s'adresser à un sujet canadien normatif imaginé qui suspend—du moins pour un temps—sa célébration de l’État-nation. Enfin, les déclarations mettent en évidence les forces politiques émergentes, notamment les arguments autochtones de la réconciliation transformatrice, la résistance au colonialisme et les expressions de la souveraineté, qui signalent la possibilité de changements majeurs dans les pratiques de célébration nationale au Canada.

Type
Research Article/Étude originale
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Canadian Political Science Association (l’Association canadienne de science politique) and/et la Société québécoise de science politique

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