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Does Soft Power Look Different in Multinational Federations? International Education and Soft Power Politics in Canada/Quebec

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2024

Hannah Moscovitz Open the ORCID record for Hannah Moscovitz [Opens in a new window]  and
Roopa Desai Trilokekar Open the ORCID record for Roopa Desai Trilokekar [Opens in a new window]
Hannah Moscovitz*
Affiliation:
Danish School of Education, Aarhus University, Tuborgvej 164, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
Roopa Desai Trilokekar
Affiliation:
Faculty of Education, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
*
Corresponding author: Hannah Moscovitz; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

While the study of soft power has gained significant scholarly attention, an understanding of soft power politics in diverse state models, and multinational federations specifically, is lacking. This study remedies this gap by exploring the connection between soft power and multinational federalism in the Canadian context, highlighting the tensions between the Canadian federal “majority” nation and Quebec's “minority” nation. Relying on the international education policy sphere and its soft power potential, the study extends the discussion of soft power beyond the typical unitary nation-state lens, elucidating the interaction of multiple (and contrasting) soft power rationales within one country. The study reveals that soft power politics can be exerted as much domestically as externally and can be pursued in a discorded fashion within a nation-state. Clearly, there is a need for a more nuanced understanding of soft power, which considers its contested manifestation, and the context-specific ways it is utilized.

Résumé

Résumé

Bien que l’étude du soft power (puissance douce) ait fait l'objet d'une attention particulière de la part des chercheurs, ses dynamiques sont moins établies et comprises dans divers modèles étatiques, particulièrement dans les fédérations multinationales. Cette étude comble cette lacune en explorant la relation entre le soft power et le fédéralisme multinational au Canada, mettant en scène les tensions entre la majorité canadienne au niveau fédéral et la nation minoritaire du Québec. En s'appuyant sur la sphère politique de l’éducation internationale et son potentiel de soft power, l’étude étend la discussion sur le soft power au-delà du prisme typique de l’État-nation, clarifiant l'interaction de ses logiques multiples (et contrastées) au sein d'un même pays. L’étude révèle que la politique de soft power peut s'exercer autant à l'intérieur qu’à l'extérieur des frontières étatiques et peut être poursuivie de manière discordante au sein d'un État-nation. De toute évidence, il est nécessaire d'avoir une compréhension plus nuancée du soft power qui prenne en compte sa manifestation contestée et les manières spécifiques qu'elle est déployée dans divers contextes.

Keywords

soft powermultinational federalismQuebecminority nationalisminternational education policypuissance doucefédéralisme multinationalQuébecnationalisme minoritairepolitique d’éducation internationale
Type
Research Article/Étude originale
Information
Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , September 2024 , pp. 602 - 625
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Canadian Political Science Association/l'Association canadienne de science politique and la Societe quebecoise de science politique.

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