Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T20:05:20.640Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Symptomatic Dystonias Associated with Structural Brain Lesions: Report of 16 Cases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2015

Vladimir S. Kostià ,
Marina Stojanovié-Svetel  and
Aleksandra Kacar
Vladimir S. Kostià*
Affiliation:
Institute for Neurology CCS. Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Marina Stojanovié-Svetel
Affiliation:
Institute for Neurology CCS. Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Aleksandra Kacar
Affiliation:
Institute for Neurology CCS. Belgrade, Yugoslavia
*
Institute for Neurology CCS, ul. dr Subotica 6. 11000 Belgrade. Yugoslavia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract:

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Background:

Symptomatic (secondary) dystonias associated isolated lesions in the brain provide insight into etiopathogenesis of the idiopathic form of dystonia and are a basis for establishing the possible correlation between the anatomy of a lesion and the type of dystonia according to muscles affected.

Methods:

In 358 patients with differently distributed dystonias, a group of 16 patients (4.5%) was encountered in whom dystonia was associated with focal brain lesions.

Results:

Of the 16 patients, 3 patients had generalized, 3 segmental and 4 hemidystonia, while the remaining 6 patients had focal dystonia. The most frequent etiologies were infarction in 7, and tumor in 4 patients. These lesions were usually found in the lenticular and caudate nucleus, thalamus, and in the case of blepharospasm in the upper brainstem.

Conclusions:

Our results support the suggestion that dystonia is caused by a dysfunction of the basal ganglia.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , February 1996 , pp. 53 - 56
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation 1996

References

1.Fahn, S, Marsden, CD, Calne, D.Classification and investigation of dystonia. In: Marsden, CD, Fahn, S, eds. Movement Disorders 2. London: Butterworths, 1987: 1–4.Google Scholar
2.Rajput, AH, Gibb, WRG, Zhong, XH,’ et al. Dopa-responsive dystonia: pathological and biochemical observations in a case. Ann Neurol 1994; 35: 396–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Rothwell, JC, Obeso, JA.The anatomical and physiological basis of torsion dystonia. In: Marsden, CD, Fahn, S, eds. Movement Disorders 2. London: Butterworths, 1987: 313–331.Google Scholar
4.Marsden, CD, Obeso, JA, Zarranz, JJ, Lang, AE.The anatomical basis of symptomatic hemidystonia. Brain 1985; 108: 463–483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Bhatia, KP, Marsden, CD.The behavioural and motor consequences of focal lesions of the basal ganglia in man. Brain 1994; 117: 859–876.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Obeso, JA, Gimenez-Roldan, S.Clinicopathological correlation in symptomatic dystonia. Adv Neurol 1988; 50: 113–122.Google ScholarPubMed
7.Burton, K, Farrell, K, Li, D, Calne, D.Lesions of the putamen and dystonia: CT and magnetic resonance imaging. Neurology 1984; 34: 962–965.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Factor, SA, Sanchez-Ramos, J, Weiner, WJ.Delayed-onset dystonia associated with corticospinal tract dysfunction. Movement Dis 1988; 3: 201–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Lee, MS, Marsden, CD.Movement disorders following lesions of the thalamus or subthalamic regions. Movement Dis 1994; 9: 492–507.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Pettigrew, LC, Jankovic, J.Hemidystonia: a report of 22 patients and a review of literature. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985; 48: 650–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Krauss, JK, Mohadier, M, Nobbe, F, Scheremet, R.Hemidystonia due to a contralateral parieto-occipital metastasis: disappearance after removal of the mass lesion. Neurology 1991; 41: 1519–1520.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Dooling, EC, Adams, RD.The pathological anatomy of posthemiplegic athetosis. Brain 1975; 98: 29–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Perlmutter, JS, Raichle, ME.Pure hemidystonia with basal ganglia abnormalities on positron emission tomography. Ann Neurol 1984; 15: 228–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Friedman, DI, Jankovic, J, Rolak, LA.Arteriovenous malformation presenting as hemidystonia. Neurology 1986; 26: 1590–1593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Tolge, CF, Factor, SA.Focal dystonia secondary to cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Movement Dis 1991; 6: 69–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Russo, LS.Focal dystonia and lacunar infarction of the basal ganglia: a case report. Arch Neurol 1983; 40: 61–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Lorenzana, L, Caberuda, JM, Porras, LF, et al. Focal dystonia secondary to cavernous angioma of the basal ganglia: case report and review of the literature. Neurosurgery 1992; 31: 1108–1112.Google ScholarPubMed
18.Messimy, R, Diebler, C, Metzger, J.Dystonie de torsion du membre supérieur gauche probalement consecutive as un traumatisme crânien. Rev Neurol 1977; 133: 199–206.Google Scholar
19.Jabbari, B, Paul, J, Scherokman, B, Van Dam, B.Posttraumatic segmental axial dystonia. Movement Dis 1992; 7: 78–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Herraiz, J, Roquer, J, Escudero, D, Maso, E.Meige’s syndrome and bilateral pallidal calcification. J Neurol 1988; 235: 384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Molho, ES, Factor, SA.Basal ganglia infarction as a possible cause of cervical dystonia. Movement Dis 1993; 8: 213–216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Maki, Y, Akimoto, H, Enomoto, I.Injuries of basal ganglia following head trauma in children. Childs Brain 1980; 7: 113–123.Google ScholarPubMed
23.Isaac, K, Cohen, JA.Post-traumatic torticollis. Neurology 1989; 39: 1642–1643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Plant, GT, Kermode, AG, du Boulay EPGH, McDonald, WI.Spasmodic torticollis due to a midbrain lesion in a case of multiple sclerosis. Movement Dis 1989; 4: 359–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Biary, N, Al Deeb, SM, Aabed, M.Post-traumatic dystonia. Ann Neurol 1991; 30: 297.Google Scholar
26.Schneider, S, Feifel, E, Oh, D, et al. Prolonged MRI T? times of the lentiform nucleus in idiopathic spasmodic torticollis. Neurology 1994; 44: 846–850.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Jankovic, J, Patel, SC.Blepharospasm associated with brainstem lesions. Neurology 1983; 33: 1237–1240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Powers, JM.Blepharospasm due to unilateral diencephalic infarction. Neurology 1985; 35: 283–284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Keane, JR, Young, JA.Blepharospasm with bilateral basal ganglia infarction. Arch Neurol 1985; 42: 1206–1208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30.Jankovic, J.Blepharospasm with basal ganglia lesions. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 866–868.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Larumbe, R, Vaamonde, J, Artieda, J, Zubieta, JL, Obeso, JA.Reflex blepharospasm associated with bilateral basal ganglia lesion. Movement Dis 1993; 8: 198–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32.Gatto, M, Micheli, F, Pardal, MF, Blepharoclonus and parkinsonism associated with aqueductal stenosis. Movement Dis 1990; 5: 310–313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33.Denny-Brown, D.The Basal Ganglia and Their Relation to Disorders of Movement. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.Google Scholar
34.Campistol, J, Cusi, V, Vernet, A, et al. Dystonia as a presenting sign of subacute necrotising encephalomyelopathy in infancy. Eur J Pediatr 1986; 144: 589–591.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35.Hawker, K, Lang, AE.Hypoxic-ischemic damage of the basal ganglia. Movement Dis 1990; 5: 219–224.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36.Iwata, M.MRI Pathology of basal ganglia in dystonic disorders. Adv Neurol 1993; 60: 535–539.Google ScholarPubMed