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Risk of Multiple Sclerosis after Idiopathic Optic Neuritis in a Pakistani Population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

Syed Faraz Kazim ,
Muhammad Islam ,
Mustafa Khan ,
Bilal Hameed  and
Saad Shafqat
Syed Faraz Kazim
Affiliation:
Section of Neurology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Islam
Affiliation:
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Mustafa Khan
Affiliation:
Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Bilal Hameed
Affiliation:
Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Saad Shafqat*
Affiliation:
Section of Neurology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
*
Department of Medicine (Neurology), Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
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Abstract

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Background and objective:

Optic neuritis (ON) is associated with a 38% ten-year risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) in Western populations, but the corresponding risk in non-Western populations is unclear. We conducted this study to estimate the risk of progression to MS after an episode of ON in a South Asian population.

Methods:

Two hundred and fifty-three patients with idiopathic ON were identified by reviewing records of visual evoked potentials and chart notes from a single academic center spanning the years 1990-2007. A structured telephone interview was then conducted to identify patients who had subsequently received a diagnosis of MS. The diagnosis was corroborated from chart notes, where possible. Cumulative probability of conversion to MS was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

Results:

The five-year risk of developing MS was 14.6% and the ten-year risk was 24%. Patients (N=218) who had one or more typical demyelinating lesions on baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had a 68% 10-year risk; those with no lesions or non-typical lesions had a 14% risk (p<0.001). Female gender, recurrent ON, and occurrence of ON in winter months were also associated with increased risk (p≤ 0.001). Severity of ON and likelihood of detecting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands were higher in patients who developed MS.

Conclusion:

Idiopathic ON in Pakistan carries a lower risk of progression to MS compared with Western data. As in Western populations, however, presence of abnormal baseline brain MRI and CSF oligoclonal bands correlate with increased MS risk.

Type
Research Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 2010 , pp. 258 - 263
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2010

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