Background: Disruption in cerebrovascular reactivity following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a known phenomenon that may hold prognostic value. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) has been employed to evaluate cerebrovascular reactivity following injury utilizing a continuous time-series approach. Methods: A systematically conducted scoping review of the literature on the association of continuous time-domain TCD based indices of cerebrovascular reactivity, with outcomes following moderate and severe TBI was performed. Multiple databases were searched from inception to November 2020 for relevant articles. Results: Thirty-six relevant articles were identified. There was significant evidence supporting an association with continuous time-domain TCD based indices and functional outcomes following TBI. Physiologic parameters such as intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) reactivity as well as more established indices of cerebrovascular reactivity have all been associated with these TCD based indices. The literature has been concentrated in a few centres and is further limited by the lack of multivariate analysis. Conclusions: There is a substantial body of evidence that cerebrovascular reactivity as measured by time-domain TCD based indices have prognostic utility following TBI. The literature supports some associations between these indices and cerebral physiologic parameters. Further validation in multi-institution studies is required before these indices can be widely adopted clinically.