Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T16:14:00.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Death Knell for Codeine for Acute Pain after Craniotomy?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

C. Peter N. Watson*
Affiliation:
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorial
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2011

References

1 Apfelbaum, JL, Chen, C, Mehta, SS, Gan, TJ. Postoperative pain experience: result from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesth Analg. 2003; 97:534–40.Google Scholar
2 Flexman, AM, Ng, JL, Gelb, AW. Acute and chronic pain following craniotomy. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2010; 23:551–7.Google Scholar
3 Kehlet, H, Jensen, TS, Woolf, CJ. Persistent postoperative pain; risk factors and prevention. Lancet. 2010; 367:1618–25.Google Scholar
4 White, PF, Kehlet, H. Improving postoperative pain management. What are the unresolved issues? Anesthesiology. 2010; 112: 220–5.Google Scholar
5 Hassouneh, B, Centofani, JE, Reddy, K. Pain management in postcraniotomy patients: a survey of Canadian neurosurgeons. Can J Neurol Sci. 2011; 38(3):456–60.Google Scholar
6 Roberts, GC. Post-craniotomy analgesia: current practice in British neurosurgical units—a survey of post-craniotomy analgesic practices. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005; 22(5):328–32.Google Scholar
7 MacDonald, N, MacLeod, SM. Has the time come to phase out codeine? CMAJ. 2010; 182:1825.Google Scholar
8 Smith, MT, Muraldharan, A. Pharmacogenetics, International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) clinical updates, XVIII, Issue 8, September 2010 www.iasp-pain.org Google Scholar
9 Madadi, P, Koren, G. Pharmacogenetic insights into codeine analgesia; implications to paediatric codeine use. Pharmacogenomics. 2008; 9:1267–84.Google Scholar