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Convergence Paralysis as a Manifestation of Polyarteritis Nodosa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

Jessica Wylie ,
Craig Campbell ,
Janet Pope ,
Jonathan Akikusa ,
Ronald M. Laxer  and
Dave Nicolle
Jessica Wylie
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON
Craig Campbell*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON
Janet Pope
Affiliation:
Department of Rheumatology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON
Jonathan Akikusa
Affiliation:
Department of Rheumatology, Pediatrics and Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Ronald M. Laxer
Affiliation:
Department of Rheumatology, Pediatrics and Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Dave Nicolle
Affiliation:
Department of Ophthalmology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON
*
Section of Pediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., London, Ontario N6A 2E3, Canada
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Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare, systemic necrotizing vasculitis of medium-sized arteries. The American College of Rheumatology criteria for the diagnosis of PAN includes at least three of: 1. weight loss < 4 kg, 2. livedo reticularis, 3. testicular pain or tenderness, 4. myalgias, weakness or leg tenderness, 5. mono-or polyneuropathy, 6. diastolic hypertension, 7. elevated blood creatinine or urea, 8. hepatitis B antigen or antibody in the serum, 9. aneurysms or occlusions of visceral arteries or 10. granulocytes on small or medium sized artery biopsy. Common sites of involvement include skin, joints, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and peripheral nerves. Central nervous system involvement has been reported in up to 40% of cases; the usual manifestations are encephalopathy, focal deficits and seizures. Descriptions of PAN in the pediatric literature has been reported in fewer than 250 children.

Type
Peer Reviewed Letter
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 33 , Issue 4 , November 2006 , pp. 423 - 425
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2006

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