Positive, copositive, onesided and intertwining (co-onesided) polynomial and spline approximations of functions are considered. Both uniform and pointwise estimates, which are exact in some sense, are obtained.

In this work we study the geodesic flow on n-dimensional ideal polyhedra and establish classical (for manifolds of negative curvature) results concerning the distribution of closed orbits of the flow.

In this paper we introduce the concepts of hyperbolic and elliptic areas and prove uncountably many new geometric isoperimetric inequalities on the surfaces of constant curvature.

We give a new geometric model for the quantization of the 4-dimensional conical (nilpotent) adjoint orbit Oℝ of SL(3, ℝ). The space of quantization is the space of holomorphic functions on 𝕔 2 - {0}) which are square integrable with respect to a signed measure defined by a Meijer G-function. We construct the quantization out a non-flat Kaehler structure on 𝕔 2 - {0}) (the universal cover of Oℝ) with Kaehler potential ρ |z|4.

We consider the shift-invariant space, 𝕊(Φ), generated by a set Φ = {Φ1,..., Φr} of compactly supported distributions on R when the vector of distributions ϕ:= {Φ1,..., Φr} T satisfies a system of refinement equations expressed in matrix form as

where a is a finitely supported sequence of r x r matrices of complex numbers. Such multiple refinable functions occur naturally in the study of multiple wavelets.

The purpose of the present paper is to characterize the accuracy of Φ, the order of the polynomial space contained in 𝕊(Φ), strictly in terms of the refinement mask a. The accuracy determines the Lp-approximation order of 𝕊(Φ) when the functions in (Φ) belong to Lp(ℝ) (see Jia [10]). The characterization is achieved in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the subdivision operator associated with the mask a. In particular, they extend and improve the results of Heil, Strang and Strela [7], and of Plonka [16]. In addition, a counterexample is given to the statement of Strang and Strela [20] that the eigenvalues of the subdivision operator determine the accuracy. The results do not require the linear independence of the shifts of Φ.

A formula is obtained for the rank of the 2-Sylow subgroup of the ideal class group of imaginary bicyclic biquadratic fields. This formula involves the number of primes that ramify in the field, the ranks of the 2-Sylow subgroups of the ideal class groups of the quadratic subfields and the rank of a Z2-matrix determined by Legendre symbols involving pairs of ramified primes. As applications, all subfields with both 2- class and class group Z2×Z2 are determined. The final results assume the completeness of D. A. Buell’s list of imaginary fields with small class numbers.

For a truncated matrix moment problem, we describe in detail the set of positive definite matrices of measures μ in V2n (this is the set of solutions of the problem of degree 2n) for which the polynomials up to degree n are dense in the corresponding space L2(μ). These matrices of measures are exactly the extremal measures of the set Vn.

We introduce a double sum extension of a very well-poised series and extend to this the transformations of Bailey and Sears as well as the 6ϕ5 summation formula of F. H. Jackson and the q-Dixon sum. We also give q-integral representations of the double sum. Generalizations of the Nassrallah-Rahman integral are also found.

In this paper we consider the following problem: Given a unital C*- algebra A and a collection of elements S in the identity component of the invertible group of A, denoted inv0(A), characterize the group of finite products of elements of S. The particular C*-algebras studied in this paper are either unital purely infinite simple or of the form (A ⊗ K)+, where A is any C*-algebra and K is the compact operators on an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space. The types of elements used in the factorizations are unipotents (1+ nilpotent), positive invertibles and symmetries (s2 = 1). First we determine the groups of finite products for each collection of elements in (A ⊗ K)+. Then we give upper bounds on the number of factors needed in these cases. The main result, which uses results for (A ⊗ K)+, is that for A unital purely infinite and simple, inv0(A) is generated by each of these collections of elements.

This paper studies closed subspaces L of the Hardy spaces Hp which are g-invariant (i.e., g. L ⊆ L) where g is inner, g ≠ 1. If p = 2, theWold decomposition theorem implies that there is a countable “g-basis” f1, f2, . . . of L in the sense that L is a direct sum of spaces fj . H2[g] where H2[g] = {f o g | f ∈ H2}. The basis elements fj satisfy the additional property that ∫T |fj|2gk = 0, k = 1, 2, . . . . We call such functions g-2-inner. It also follows that any f ∈ H2 can be factored f = hf ,2 . (F2 o g) where hf,2 is g-2-inner and F is outer, generalizing the classical Riesz factorization. Using Lp estimates for the canonical decomposition of H2,we find a factorization f = hf ,p.(Fpog) for f ∈ Hp. If p ≤ 1 and g is a finite Blaschke product we obtain, for any g-invariant L ⊆ Hp, a finite g-basis of g-p-inner functions.

Let A be a simple C*-algebra with real rank zero, stable rank one and weakly unperforated K0(A) of countable rank. We show that a monomorphism Φ: C(S2) → A can be approximated pointwise by homomorphisms from C(S2) into A with finite dimensional range if and only if certain index vanishes. In particular,we show that every homomorphism ϕ from C(S2) into a UHF-algebra can be approximated pointwise by homomorphisms from C(S2) into the UHF-algebra with finite dimensional range.As an application, we show that if A is a simple C*-algebra of real rank zero and is an inductive limit of matrices over C(S2) then A is an AF-algebra. Similar results for tori are also obtained. Classification of Hom (C(X), A) for lower dimensional spaces is also studied.

In a recent paper [2] we defined four classes of infinite dimensional simple Lie algebras over a field of characteristic 0 which we called W*, S*, H*, and K*. As the names suggest, these classes generalize the Lie algebras of Cartan type. A second paper [3] investigates the derivations of the algebras W* and S*, and the possible isomorphisms between these algebras and the algebras defined by Block [1]. In the present paper we investigate the automorphisms of the algebras of type W*.

We give several new characterizations of Riordan Arrays, the most important of which is: if {dn,k}n,k∈N is a lower triangular arraywhose generic element dn,k linearly depends on the elements in a well-defined though large area of the array, then {dn,k}n,k∈N is Riordan. We also provide some applications of these characterizations to the lattice path theory.

Let L/K be a finite Galois extension of local fields which are finite extensions of ℚp, the field of p-adic numbers. Let Gal(L/K) = G, and 𝔒L and ℤp be the rings of integers in L and ℚp, respectively. And let 𝔓L denote the maximal ideal of 𝔒L. We determine, explicitly in terms of specific indecomposable ℤp[G]-modules, the ℤp[G]-module structure of 𝔒L and 𝔓L, for L, a composite of two arithmetically disjoint, ramified cyclic extensions of K, one of which is only weakly ramified in the sense of Erez [6].

Let g be a semisimple Lie algebra. Quantum analogs of the enveloping algebra of the fixed Lie subalgebra are introduced for involutions corresponding to the negative of a diagram automorphism. These subalgebras of the quantized enveloping algebra specialize to their classical counterparts. They are used to form an Iwasawa type decompostition and begin a study of quantum Harish-Chandra modules.

For we show that the conditions for all open sets G, C2,q denoting Bessel capacity, are not sufficient to characterize the compact sets X with the property that each function harmonic on and in Lp(X) is the limit in the Lp norm of a sequence of functions which are harmonic on neighbourhoods of X.

In this work we study the global geometry of planar quadratic Hamiltonian systems with a center and we sum up the dynamics of these systems in geometrical terms. For this we use the algebro-geometric concept of multiplicity of intersection Ip(P,Q) of two complex projective curves P(x, y, z) = 0, Q(x,y,z) = 0 at a point p of the plane. This is a convenient concept when studying polynomial systems and it could be applied for the analysis of other classes of nonlinear systems.

It is proved in this note, that a strongly continuous semigroup of (sub)positive contractions acting on an Lp-space, for 1 < p < ∞ p ≠ 2, can be dilated by a strongly continuous group of (sub)positive isometries in a manner analogous to the dilation M. A. Akçoglu and L. Sucheston constructed for a discrete semigroup of (sub)positive contractions. From this an improvement of a von Neumann type estimation, due to R. R.Coifman and G.Weiss, on the transfer map belonging to the semigroup is deduced.

In this paper we prove a complete convergence theorem for attractive, reversible, super-critical nearest particle systems satisfying a natural regularity condition. In particular this implies that under these conditions there exist precisely two extremal invariant measures. The result we prove is relevant to question seven of Liggett (1985), Chapter VII.

We give the irreducible decomposition of the tensor product of an analytic continuation of the holomorphic discrete series of SU(2, 2) with its conjugate.