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Extremal Metric for the First Eigenvalue on a Klein Bottle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Dmitry Jakobson ,
Nikolai Nadirashvili  and
Iosif Polterovich
Dmitry Jakobson
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke St. West, Montréal QC, H3A 2K6 e-mail: [email protected]
Nikolai Nadirashvili
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Chicago, 5734 University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected]
Iosif Polterovich
Affiliation:
Département de Mathématiques et de Statistique, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 succ Centre-Ville, Montréal QC, H3C 3J7 e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The first eigenvalue of the Laplacian on a surface can be viewed as a functional on the space of Riemannian metrics of a given area. Critical points of this functional are called extremal metrics. The only known extremal metrics are a round sphere, a standard projective plane, a Clifford torus and an equilateral torus. We construct an extremal metric on a Klein bottle. It is a metric of revolution, admitting a minimal isometric embedding into a sphere ${{\mathbb{S}}^{4}}$ by the first eigenfunctions. Also, this Klein bottle is a bipolar surface for Lawson's ${{\tau }_{3,1}}$-torus. We conjecture that an extremal metric for the first eigenvalue on a Klein bottle is unique, and hence it provides a sharp upper bound for ${{\lambda }_{1}}$ on a Klein bottle of a given area. We present numerical evidence and prove the first results towards this conjecture.

Keywords

58J5053C42LaplacianeigenvalueKlein bottle
Type
Research Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Mathematics , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , 01 April 2006 , pp. 381 - 400
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Mathematical Society 2006

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