Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T16:36:55.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

When My Community Met the Other: Competing Concepts of “Community” in Restorative Justice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2017

Won Kyung Chang*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor Scranton Honors Program Ewha Womans University Seoul, South [email protected]

Abstract

In restorative justice theory, the concept of “community” looms large, since it is the locus of the very restoration to which this form of justice aspires. The questions that then raise themselves are: what is this “community” and how is this community rebuilt through the more relational and dialogical process of restorative justice? In investigating one restorative justice panel program in the United States, it becomes clear that “community” means different things to different individuals. Questioning the possibility of a locally-sanctioned version of justice, this study suggests that the starting point of including “community” in restorative justice should be re-thought.

Résumé

Le concept de « collectivité » est au cœur de la justice réparatrice. En effet, la collectivité est la clé de voûte de la réparation à laquelle aspire ce modèle de justice. Plusieurs questions se posent. Qu’est-ce que la « collectivité »? Comment le processus à la fois relationnel et dialogique de la justice réparatrice permet-il à la collectivité de se reconstruire? L’étude d’un programme de justice réparatrice aux États-Unis révèle que ce qu’on entend par « collectivité » n’a pas toujours le même sens pour les uns que pour les autres. La présente étude suggère que l’inclusion de la « collectivité » à la justice réparatrice devrait être repensée, et remet en question la possibilité d’une justice sanctionnée à l’échelle locale.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Law and Society Association / Association Canadienne Droit et Société 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amsler, L. B., Martinez, J. K., and Smith, S. E.. 2015. Christina Merchant and the State of Dispute System Design. Conflict Resolution Quarterly 33 (S1): S7S26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayley, D. H. 2001. Security and Justice for All. In Restorative Justice and Civil Society, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bazemore, G. 1998. Restorative Justice and Earned Redemption: Communities, Victims, and Offender Reintegration. American Behavioral Scientist 41 (6): 768813.Google Scholar
Bazemore, G. 1997. The “Community” in Community Justice: Issues, Themes, and Questions for the New Neighborhood Sanctioning Models. The Justice System Journal 19 (2): 193228.Google Scholar
Bazemore, G., and Griffiths, C. T.. 1997. Conferences, Circles, Boards, and Mediations: The ‘New Wave’ of Community Decisionmaking. Federal Probation 61 (2): 2537.Google Scholar
Bazemore, G., and Schiff, M.. 2005. Juvenile Justice Reform and Restorative Justice: Building Theory and Policy from Practice. Devon, UK, and Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Beale, S. S. 2003. Still Tough on Crime? Prospects for Restorative Justice in the United States. Utah Law Review 2003 (1): 413437.Google Scholar
Bingham, L. B. 2008. Designing Justice: Legal Institutions and Other Systems for Managing Conflict. Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution 24 (1): 151.Google Scholar
Braithwaite, J. 2003. Principles of Restorative Justice. In Restorative Justice and Criminal Justice: Competing or Reconcilable Paradigms?, ed. von Hirch, A., Roberts, J., Bottoms, A., Roach, K., and Schiff, M.. Oxford, UK, and Portland, OR: Hart Publishing.Google Scholar
Braithwaite, J. 2002. Restorative Justice and Responsive Regulation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Braithwaite, J. 1999. A Future Where Punishment Is Marginalized: Realistic or Utopian? UCLA Law Review 46 (6): 17271750.Google Scholar
Braithwaite, J., and Strang, H.. 2001. Introduction: Restorative Justice and Civil Society. In Restorative Justice and Civil Society, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crawford, A., and Clear, T.. 2003. Community Justice: Transforming Communities through Restorative Justice. In Restorative Justice: Critical Issues, edited by McLaughlin, E., Fergusson, R., Hughes, G., and Westmarland, L.. London, UK, and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Daly, K. 2001. Conferencing in Australia and New Zealand: Variations, Research Findings and Prospects. In Restorative Justice for Juveniles: Conferencing, Mediation and Circles, ed. Morris, A. and Maxwell, G.. Oxford, UK, and Portland, OR: Hart Publishing.Google Scholar
Dhami, M. K., and Joy, P.. 2007. Challenges to Establishing Volunteer-Run, Community-Based Restorative Justice Programs. Contemporary Justice Review 10 (1): 922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dzur, A. W., and Olson, S. M.. 2004. The Value of Community Participation in Restorative Justice. Journal of Social Philosophy 35 (1): 91107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedeen, T. 2012. Remodeling the Multi-Door Courthouse to “Fit the Forum to the Folks”: How Screening and Preparation Will Enhance ADR. Marquette Law Review 95 (3): 941954.Google Scholar
Hedeen, T. 2004. The Evolution and Evaluation of Community Mediation: Limited Research Suggests Unlimited Progress. Conflict Resolution Quarterly 22 (1–2): 101133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, G., and Van Ness, D. W.. 2007. The Meaning of Restorative Justice. In Handbook of Restorative Justice, ed. Johnstone, G. and Van Ness, D. W.. Devon, UK, and Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Kurki, L. 2000. Restorative and Community Justice in the United States. Crime and Justice 27: 235303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCold, P. 2004. What Is the Role of Community in Restorative Justice Theory and Practice? In Critical Issues in Restorative Justice, ed. Zehr, H. and Toews, B.. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, and Devon, UK: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
McCold, P. 1996. Restorative Justice and the Role of Community. In Restorative Justice: International Perspectives, ed. Galaway, B. and Hudson, J.. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, and Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Kugler Publications.Google Scholar
McCold, P., and Wachtel, B.. 2003. Community Is Not a Place: A New Look at Community Justice Initiatives. In A Restorative Justice Reader: Texts, Sources, and Context, ed. Johnstone, G.. Devon, UK, and Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Morris, A., and Young, W.. 2000. Reforming Criminal Justice: The Potential of Restorative Justice. In Restorative Justice: Philosophy to Practice, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Burlington, VT: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Nancy, J.-L. 2003. The Confronted Community, trans. Macdonald, A.. Postcolonial Studies 6 (1): 2336.Google Scholar
Nancy, J.-L. 1991. The Inoperative Community, trans. Connor, P.. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Nugent, W. R., and Paddock, J. B.. 1995. The Effect of Victim-Offender Mediation on Severity of Reoffenses. Mediation Quarterly 12 (4): 353367.Google Scholar
Nugent, W. R., Williams, M., and Umbreit, M. S.. 2003. Participation in Victim-Offender Mediation and the Prevalance and Severity of Subsequent Delinquent Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Utah Law Review 2003: 137166.Google Scholar
Olson, S. M., and Dzur, A. W.. 2004. Revisiting Informal Justice: Restorative Justice and Democratic Professionalism. Law and Society Review 38 (1): 139176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pavlich, G. 2005. Governing Paradoxes of Restorative Justice. London, UK, and Portland, OR: Glasshouse Press.Google Scholar
Pavlich, G. 2004. What Are the Dangers As Well As the Promises of Community Involvement? In Critical Issues in Restorative Justice, ed. Zehr, H. and Toews, B.. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, and Devon, UK: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Pavlich, G. 2001. The Force of Community. In Restorative Justice and Civil Society, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schiff, M. 2007. Satisfying the Needs and Interests of Stakeholders. In Handbook of Restorative Justice, ed. Johnstone, G. and Van Ness, D. W.. Devon, UK, and Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Schneider, A. L. 1986. Restitution and Recidivism Rates of Juvenile Offenders: Results from Four Experimental Studies. Criminology 24 (3): 533552.Google Scholar
Sharpe, S. 2004. How Large Should the Restorative Justice ‘Tent’ Be? In Critical Issues in Restorative Justice, ed. Zehr, H. and Toews, B.. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press, and Devon, UK: Willan Publishing.Google Scholar
Sherman, L. W. 2001. Two Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Restoration. In Restorative Justice and Civil Society, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Shonholtz, R. 1984. Neighborhood Justice Systems: Work, Structure and Guiding Principles. Mediation Quarterly 5: 330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starkweather, D. A. 1992. The Retributive Theory of “Just Deserts” and Victim Participation in Plea Bargaining. Indiana Law Journal 67 (3): 853878.Google Scholar
Starr, J., and Goodale, M.. 2002. Practicing Ethnography in Law: New Dialogues, Enduring Methods. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Titscher, S., Meyer, M., Wodak, R., and Vetter, E.. 2000. Methods of Text and Discourse Analysis, trans. Jenner, B.. London, UK: Sage Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Umbreit, M. S., and Coates, R. B.. 1992. The Impact of Mediating Victim Offender Conflict: An Analysis of Programs in Three States. Juvenile and Family Court Journal 43 (1): 2128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Hirsch, A. 1992. The Swedish Sentencing Law. In Principled Sentencing, edited by von Hirsch, A. and Ashworth, A.. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
von Hirsch, A. 1976. Doing Justice: The Choice of Punishments. New York, NY: Hill and Wang.Google Scholar
Wachtel, T., and McCold, P.. 2001. Restorative Justice in Everyday Life. In Restorative Justice and Civil Society, ed. Strang, H. and Braithwaite, J.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Weisberg, R. 2003. Restorative Justice and the Danger of “Community.” Utah Law Review 2003 (1): 343374.Google Scholar
Zehr, H. 2002. The Little Book of Restorative Justice. Intercourse, PA: Good Books.Google Scholar
Zehr, H. 1997. Restorative Justice: The Concept. Corrections Today 59 (7): 6870.Google Scholar
Zehr, H. 1990. Changing Lenses. Scottdale, PA, and Waterloo, Ont., Canada: Herald Press.Google Scholar