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Perspective on Change in the Prairie Economy*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2014

G. E. Britnell*
Affiliation:
University of Saskatchewan
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Extract

In a period of sudden and fairly rapid change it sometimes requires a conscious effort to retain proportion and perspective. I have therefore resisted the obvious temptation to call my paper “New Resources and Their Effect on the Prairie Economy.” Such a title might suggest fundamental and far-reaching changes that could not be verified by an examination of current economic realities. Even more important perhaps it would tend to obscure great differences in the discovery and exploitation of new resources in the three Prairie Provinces, differences which are sharply reflected in varying rates of economic diversification and growth. Finally, it is important to perspective that the continuing contributions of older resources be accorded appropriate recognition. It would seem that proportion would be best ensured by starting with an evaluation of the older resources, moving on to an appraisal of the new, and concluding with an attempt to interpret present and possible future trends for the prairie economy as a whole. In such an approach, and at the risk of wearying my listeners, much of the analysis must be essentially quantitative in its nature.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Political Science Association 1953

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Footnotes

*

This paper was presented at the twenty-fifth annual meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association in London, June 5, 1953.

References

1 See Farm Cash Income, 1952 (Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1953)Google Scholar; Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952 (Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1953), 48 Google Scholar; and Charts of Progress (Edmonton: Provincial Bureau of Statistics, 1953).Google Scholar

2 See Survey of Production, 1938–50 (Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1952), 1729 Google Scholar, and Canada Year Book, 1952–53 (Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1953), 371–5.Google Scholar

3 See D.B.S., The Labour Force, November 1945—March 1952, Reference Paper no. 35 (Ottawa, 1952), 5960.Google Scholar

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5 See Britnell, G. E., “The War and Canadian Wheat,” Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, VII, no. 3, 08 1941, 397413 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; L. A. Skeoch, “Changes in Canadian Wheat Policy,” ibid., IX, no. 4, Nov., 1943, 565–9; V. C. Fowke, “Economic Effects of the War on the Prairie Economy,” ibid., XI, no. 3, Aug., 1945, 373–87; Britnell, G. E. and Fowke, V. C., “The Development of Wheat Marketing Policy in Canada,” Journal of Farm Economics, XXXI, 11, 1949, 635–42.Google Scholar

6 See D.B.S., Handbook of Agricultural Statistics, Part I, Field Crops, Reference Paper no. 25 (Ottawa, 1951), 11 Google Scholar, and Grain Trade Year Book, 1951–52 (Winnipeg: Sanford Evans Statistical Service, 1953), 814.Google Scholar

7 Based on information from D.B.S., Reference Paper no. 25, and Grain Trade Year Book, 1951–52.

8 See Quarterly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, 04–June, 1951 (Ottawa, 1951), 130 Google Scholar and Intended Acreage of Principal Field Crops in Canada, 1953 (Ottawa, 1953), 2.Google Scholar

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12 See Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946, IV, 14–15Google Scholar and Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Agriculture Bulletin, no. 6–2.

13 See the Current Review of Agricultural Conditions in Canada, 11, 1952, 40–5.Google Scholar

14 Ibid., 48–54.

15 See Index of Farm Production, 1952 (Ottawa, 1953).Google Scholar

16 Based on data from D.B.S., Handbook of Agricultural Statistics, Part II, Farm Income, Reference Paper no. 25 (Ottawa, 1952), 3843 Google Scholar, and Cash Farm Income, for the years 1948 to 1952. See also Britnell, , “The War and Canadian Wheat,” 410–11Google Scholar and Fowke, , “Economic Effects of the War on the Prairie Economy,” 378–9.Google Scholar

17 Annual Report of the Dominion Mortgage and Investments Association (Toronto, 04 30, 1953), 5.Google Scholar

18 Based on data from Farm Implement and Equipment Sales, 1944, 1945, 1947, 1949, 1950, and 1951 (Ottawa, 1945, 1946, 1948, 1950, 1951 and 1952) and correspondence with the Dominion Statistician, May, 1953.Google Scholar

19 See Farm Land Values, 1952 (Ottawa, 1953).Google Scholar

20 See Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946, IV, Agriculture, 45 Google Scholar, and Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Agriculture Bulletin, no. 6–4, and Special Compilation, S.A.-1.

21 Based on data from Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Argiculture Bulletins nos. 6–4 and 6–5, and correspondence with the Dominion Statistician, May, 1953.

22 See Price Index Numbers of Commodities and Services Used by Farmers, 1913 to 1948 (Ottawa, 1948), 7 Google Scholar and ibid., January, 1953, 2.

23 Data obtained by correspondence from H. H. Somerville, Deputy Minister of Mines and Minerals, Edmonton, Alberta. See also Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952 (Ottawa, 1953), 611 Google Scholar; Alberta: Facts and Figures (Edmonton: Bureau of Statistics, 1950), 152–62Google Scholar; and Charts of Progress (Edmonton, 1953).Google Scholar

24 Ibid.

25 Based on data obtained from F. H. Edmunds, Professor of Geology, University of Saskatchewan, and member of Saskatchewan Oil and Gas Conservation Board. See also Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952, 6–11.

26 See Budget Speech of Hon. Ronald D. Turner, Provincial Treasurer of Manitoba, Delivered on Wednesday, April 8, 1953, at the Seventh Session of the Twenty-Third Legislature of the Province of Manitoba (Winnipeg, 1953), 3.Google Scholar See also Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952, 6–11.

27 Data obtained by correspondence from Dominion Statistician, Ottawa. See also Refined Petroleum Products, December, 1952 (Ottawa, 1953), 2.Google Scholar

28 Ibid.

29 See Charts of Progress.

30 Ibid.

31 Budget Speech of the Hon. Ernest C. Manning, Treasurer of the Province of Alberta, Delivered on March 6th, 1953, in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta (Edmonton, 1953), 8.Google Scholar

32 Financial Post, 04 25, 1953, 1.Google Scholar

33 See statement by the Hon.Howe, C. D., Minister of Trade and Commerce, in Canada, House of Commons Debates, vol. 95, no. 65, 03 13, 1953, pp. 2927–31.Google Scholar For a fuller account of the controversy and estimates of pipe line construction costs see files of the Financial Post, particularly March 14, March 21, April 18, April 25, May 9, May 16, and May 31, 1953.

Since the above was written, the situation has been further complicated by the United States Federal Power Commission's approval of an application to export natural gas from Texas to the Toronto market. See Financial Post, Sept. 5, 12, and 19, 1953.

34 Data obtained by correspondence from H. H. Somerville, Deputy Minister of Mines and Minerals, Edmonton, Alberta. See also Charts of Progress.

35 See Alberta: Facts and Figures, 135–51; Charts of Progress; and Annual Report of the Department of Mines and Minerals of the Province of Alberta for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31st, 1952 (Edmonton, 1953), 10.Google Scholar

36 See Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952, 6–11, and Annual Report of the Department of Natural Resources of the Province of Saskatchewan for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 1952 (Regina, 1952), 22–8.Google Scholar

37 Charts of Progress.

38 Canada Year Book, 1952–53, 482.

39 Alberta: Facts and Figures, 176.

40 See Canada Year Book, 1952–53, 483–4; also Annual Report of Department of Mines and Natural Resources, Manitoba, for Period Ending March 31st, 1952 (Winnipeg, 1952), 59.Google Scholar

41 See Canada Year Book, 1952–53, 481–2.

42 See Budget Speech (Session 1953) Delivered by the Honourable C. M. Fines, Provincial Treasurer, in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Wednesday, March 4, 1953 (Regina, 1953), 8.Google Scholar

43 See Preliminary Report on Mineral Production, 1952, 6–11.

44 See Public and Private Investment in Canada 1926–1951 (Ottawa, 1951), 201 Google Scholar and Supplement to Private and Public Investment in Canada, Outlook 1953: Regional Estimates (Ottawa, 1953), 2.Google Scholar

45 See Supplement to Private and Public Investment in Canada, Outlook 1953: Regional Estimates, 8–9.

46 Ibid., 1.

47 See the Manufacturing Industries of Canada by Provinces, Section I, Principal Statistics of Major Industrial Groups and Leading Industries, 1950 (Ottawa, 1952), 33.Google Scholar

48 Based on data obtained by correspondence from the Dominion Statistician, Ottawa.

49 See Fowke, , “Economic Effects of the War on the Prairie Economy,” 385–6.Google Scholar

50 See Canada Year Book, 1952–53, 141.

51 See ibid., 128–9; Census of the Prairie Provinces 1946, I, Population (Ottawa, 1949)Google Scholar; and Vital Statistics, 1951, Preliminary Annual Report (Ottawa, 1953), 9.Google Scholar

52 See Budget Speech of the Hon. Ernest C. Manning, Treasurer of the Province of Alberta, March 6th, 1953, 3, 20.

52a Since the above was written, the Hon. J. H. Brockelbank, Minister of Mineral Resources in Saskatchewan, has announced that, in the first public sale of oil leases by the province, a total of $2,531,074 was received for only eight parcels of Crown reserve land in the Fosterton area of southwestern Saskatchewan ( Saskatoon, Star-Phoenix, 09 16, 1953).Google Scholar

53 Based on data obtained from H. H. Somerville, Deputy Minister of Mines and Minerals, Edmonton, Alberta.

54 See International Distribution of Ownership of the Petroleum Industry in Canada (Ottawa, 1952).Google Scholar

55 Resources for Freedom: A Report to the President by the President's Materials Policy Commission (Washington, 1952).Google Scholar See particularly vol. I, Foundations for Growth and Security, vol. II, The Outlook for Key Commodities, and vol. III, The Outlook for Energy Sources.

56 Williams, J. H., “An Economist's Confessions,” American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings of the American Economic Association, XLII, no. 1, 03, 1952, 22.Google Scholar