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WITHIN- AND AMONG-TREE VARIATION OF THE INDUCED RESPONSE OF LOBLOLLY PINE TO A FUNGUS ASSOCIATED WITH DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS ZIMMERMANN (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) AND STERILE WOUNDING

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

T.D. Paine ,
F.M. Stephen  and
R.G. Cates
T.D. Paine
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA 92521
F.M. Stephen
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA 72701
R.G. Cates
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA 89602
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Abstract

The variation in response to fungal inoculation and sterile wounding within and among Pinus taeda L. was evaluated. The mean fungal-induced lesion size among the 20 trees sampled was 105.8 mm (coefficient of variation of 49.19), compared with a mean lesion size of 19.4 mm (coefficient of variation of 36.40) for the sterile control treatment. Mean lesion size for the fungal inoculation of individual trees ranged from 61 to 192 mm with a range in variances from 10 368.48 to 166.64, and the mean lesion size produced in response to sterile wounding varied from 16 to 26 mm with a range in variances from 254.28 to 0.35. The variance in response to the fungal treatment was on average 16.39-fold greater than the mean compared with only 1.97-fold greater than the mean for the control. There was no relationship between size of responses to either treatment and the position of the sample site on the tree. We suggest that intra-tree variation of the kind demonstrated in earlier studies for the chemical constituents and for physical size of the tree response to invasion may make it very difficult for arriving beetles to assess actual tree susceptibility or suitability for colonization. This may be critical as a component of tree defense in this system where successful reproduction by the insect is dependent on death of the host tree.

Résumé

Les réactions à une inoculation fongique ou à une blessure stérile ont été étudiées chez des Pinus taeda L. et les variations intra-arbre et inter-arbres des réactions ont été évaluées. La taille moyenne d’une lésion infectée parmi les 20 arbres échantillonnés était de 105,8 mm (coefficient de variation de 49,19), alors que la taille moyenne d’une lésion après une blessure stérile n’était que de 19,4 mm (coefficient de variation de 36,40). La taille moyenne des lésions infectées variait de 61 à 192 mm sur des arbres particuliers et l’échelle des variances s’étendait de 10 368,48 à 166,64; dans le cas des blessures stériles, la taille moyenne des lésions variait de 16 à 26 mm et les variances, de 254,28 à 0,35. La variance en réaction au traitement fongique était en moyenne de 16,39 fois plus élevée que la moyenne, alors qu’elle n’était que de 1,97 fois plus élevée que la moyenne dans le cas des témoins. Il n’y avait pas de relation entre la taille des lésions provoquées par l’un ou l’autre traitement et la position de l’échantillon sur l’arbre. Il semble donc que la variation intra-arbre du type qui a été démontré dans le cas de constituants chimiques et du type qui prévaut lors de l’examen de la taille physique de la réaction des arbres à l’invasion rendent très difficiles pour des coléoptères envahisseurs potentiels l’évaluation de la susceptibilité de l’arbre à l’envahissement ou de sa valeur pour une colonisation éventuelle. Ce phénomène constitue probablement un facteur critique de défense de l’arbre dans ce système où la réussite de la reproduction de l’insecte dépend de la mort de l’arbre hôte.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 1 , February 1993 , pp. 65 - 71
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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