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Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2024

Steve Mihok Open the ORCID record for Steve Mihok [Opens in a new window]
Steve Mihok*
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Independent Scientist, Russell, Ontario, K4R 0G4, Canada
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Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).

Résumé

Résumé

Un piège Nzi modifié a été mis à l'essai dans une résidence et dans une ferme de l'est de l'Ontario, Canada pour mieux attraper les tabanidés (Diptera) volant à haute altitude comme les Chrysops Meigen. Une nouvelle entrée supérieure au piège a été créée pour fournir une ouverture plus haute et plus grande en réduisant simplement l'étagère supérieure bleue avant à la moitié de sa hauteur. Pour minimiser la fuite des tabanidés volant à basse altitude, un déflecteur intérieur vertical a été ajouté pour diriger les tabanidés volant à basse altitude dans le cône. La moitié des tests de 18 nouveaux modèles ont capturé 1,5 à 2,7 fois plus de mouches à chevreuil que le piège Nzi; les autres modèles de piège étaient aussi efficaces que le piège Nzi. Le modèle optimal qui maintenait des captures égales d'autres mouches piqueuses par rapport au piège Nzi était celui avec une étagère horizontale intérieure en phtalogène et une chicane verticale intérieure en filet. Ce modèle est défini comme « le piège Nzi à deux niveaux ». Chrysops sont entrées principalement par le haut (88 %, 17 spp.), ainsi que Hybomitra Enderlein (94 %, 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) est entré par les deux entrées. La Tabanus la plus abondante, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, est entrée principalement par le fond (70 %), tandis que Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus est entré principalement par le haut (92 %).

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 155 , 2023 , e39
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© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Michelle Franklin

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