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THIRD TROPHIC LEVEL EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C. McCloskey ,
J.T. Arnason ,
N. Donskov ,
R. Chenier ,
J. Kaminski  and
B.J.R. Philogène
C. McCloskey
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J.T. Arnason*
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
N. Donskov
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
R. Chenier
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J. Kaminski
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
B.J.R. Philogène
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
*
2Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Extract

Azadirachtin (AZA) is the principal insecticidal compound occurring in the oil of neem [Azadirachta indica (Juss.)] seed. Although many studies have been published (Schmutterer 1990) regarding the effects of AZA on herbivorous insects, little is known of the impact of this compound on the natural enemies of herbivores. Beckage et al. (1988) investigated the effects of injected AZA on Cotesia congregata (FAY) (Braconidae), a parasitoid of Manduca sexta (L.). Parasitoid development was retarded when injections of 2.5–10 μg AZA were administered to the host larva prior to the wasp's first larval ecdysis. The development of new neem-based insecticides in North America (Isman et al. 1991) has prompted the investigation of the effects of AZA on the natural enemies of pest insects that have ingested sublethal doses of the active compound. Our laboratory study was carried out with the ichneumonid parasitoid, Diadegma terebrans (Gravenhorst), and its host, the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner). AZA (>95% purity) for this study was extracted as described previously (Xie et al. 1991) from seeds collected in India.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 1 , February 1993 , pp. 163 - 165
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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References

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