Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T10:37:19.414Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Taxonomic Studies on the Acleris gloverana-variana Complex, the Black-headed Budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Jerry A. Powell
Jerry A. Powell
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The black-headed budworm has long been known as an endemic resident and occasional epidemic defoliator of coniferous forests in Canada and parts of northern United States. The moth is distributed across the whole of the northern forest area from Cape Breton Island to the west coast of Canada and Alaska. It is a serious and recurrent defoliator particularly in British Columbia and Washington (Silver, 1960). The larvae feed on various conifers of the genera Abies, Larix, Picea, Pseudotsuga, and Tsuga, and different hosts are preferred in different parts of the range. Thus, Schaffner (1950) gives Abies balsamea as the most important host in eastern areas, Raizenne (1952) indicates that species of spruce (Picea) are most often utilized in southern Ontario, while Tsuga heterophylla has been found to be preferred in coastal British Columbia (Leech, 1933; Keen, 1952; Evans and Silver, 1954; Silver, 1960).

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 94 , Issue 8 , August 1962 , pp. 833 - 840
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1962

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balch, R. E. 1932. The black-headed bud-worm, Peronea variana Fernald. Can. Dept. Agric., Div. Ent. Spec. Circ., 2 pp. + 1 col. pl.Google Scholar
Bedard, W. D. 1938. An annotated list of the insect fauna of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga mucronata Rafinesque) in the northern Rocky Mountain region. Canad. Ent., 70(9): 188–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Essig, E. O. 1941. Itinerary of Lord Walsingham in California and Oregon, 1871–1872. Pan-Pacific Ent., 17(3): 97–113.Google Scholar
Evans, D. and Silver, G. T.. 1954. Province of British Columbia. Coastal Forests. in: Can. Dept. Agric. Ann. Rept. Forest Insect and Disease Surv.,: 138–140.Google Scholar
Freeman, T. N. 1958. The Archipinae of North America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Canad. Ent., 90, Supplement 7, 87 pp.Google Scholar
Fryer, J. C. F. 1928. Polymorphism in the moth Acalla compariana Zeller. Jour. Genetics, 20(2): 157–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keen, F. P. 1952. Insect enemies of western forests, revised ed. U.S. Dept. Agric., Misc. Publ. 273, 280 pp.Google Scholar
Leech, H. B. 1933. The hemlock tip-moth (Peronea variana Fernald) in British Columbia. B.S. Thesis, U. British Columbia (unpublished), 70 pp.Google Scholar
McDunnough, J. 1934. The Canadian species of the Tortricid genus Peronea. Canad. Jour. Research 11(3): 290–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGuffin, W. C. 1954. Alberta and Rocky Mountain National Parks. in: Can. Dept. Agric. Ann. Rept. Forest Insect and Disease Surv.,: 121–127.Google Scholar
Packard, A. S. 1886. Additions to the third report on the causes of the destruction of the evergreen and other forest trees in northern New England. U.S. Dept. Agric., Ent. Bull. 12: 17–23.Google Scholar
Prentice, R. M. and Hildahl, V.. 1954. Provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. in: Can. Dept. Agric. Forest Insect and Disease Surv.,: 91–103.Google Scholar
Raizenne, H. 1952. Forest Lepidoptera of Southern Ontario and their parasites. Can. Dept. Agric., Sci. Serv. Div. Forest Biol., Ottawa, 277 pp.Google Scholar
Ross, D. A. 1954. Province of British Columbia. Interior Forests. in: Can. Dept. Agric. Forest Insect and Disease Surv.,: 141–149.Google Scholar
Schaffner, J. V. 1950. Butterflies and Moths. Order Lepidoptera, in: Craighead, Insect Enemies of Eastern Forests. U.S. Dept. Agric., Misc. Publ. 657: 343–505.Google Scholar
Silver, C. T. 1959. A method for sampling eggs of the black-headed budworm. Jour. Forestry, 57: 203–205.Google Scholar
Silver, C. T. 1960. The relation of weather to population trends of the black-headed budworm, Acleris variana (Fern.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Canad. Ent., 92(6): 401–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsingham, Lord Thos. de Grey. 1879. Illustrations of typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum. Part IV. North American Tortricidae. London, Dept. of Zool., British Museum, 84 pp.Google Scholar