Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T05:22:08.631Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Systematics of Fossil Aphids From Canadian Amber (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W. R. Richards
W. R. Richards
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Institute, Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Five Cretaceous fossil aphids from Canadian amber are described. All are new species and none is referable to an extant genus. The names assigned to these are as follows: Palaeoaphis archimedia, Ambaraphis costalis, Alloambria caudata, Pseudambria longirostris and Aniferella bostoni. Two new subfamilies have been proposed for four of them and the fifth has been placed in the Neophyllaphidinae, which was previously considered a tribe in the Callaphidinae. One new subfamily, the Palaeoaphidinae, is exceptionally primitive and the two included species, P. archimedia and A. costalis, have more antennal segments and a more primitive wing venation than any known aphid. The cubitus vein in these species is more like that of the Psyllidae and of the extinct Permian Archescytinidae than that of existing Aphidoidea. The venation of the other new subfamily, the Canadaphidinae, shares some similarities with the unipterine aphids that occur on the Combretaceae in Africa.

The main features of the evolution of the aphid wing are discussed as an aid in placing the fossils with respect to current concepts of aphid classification.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 98 , Issue 7 , July 1966 , pp. 746 - 760
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1966

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Becker-Migdisova, E. E. 1960a. Palaeozoic Homoptera of the U.S.S.R. and problems of their phylogeny. (In Russian.) Palaeont. Zhurn. 3: 28–42.Google Scholar
Becker-Migdisova, E. E. 1960b. New Permian Homoptera from the European part of the U.S.S.R. (In Russian.) Trans. Palaeont. Inst. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 76: 1–112.Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1930. The past climate of the North Polar Region. Smithson. misc. Coll. 83. 29 pp.Google Scholar
Börner, C. 1952. Europae centralis aphides. Mitt. thüring. bot. Ges. 3: 1–484.Google Scholar
Braun, E. L. 1950. Deciduous forests of Eastern North America. Blakiston Company. Philadelphia, Toronto. 596 pp.Google Scholar
Carpenter, F. W. et al. , 1934. Insects and arachnids from Canadian amber. Univ. Toronto Stud. Geol. Ser. 40: 7–62.Google Scholar
Carpenter, F. W. 1939. Lower Permian insects of Kansas. Pt. 8. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts sci. 73: 29–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carver, M., and Martyn, E. J.. 1965. Descriptions of a new aphid genus from Australia and of the alate viviparous female of Sensoriaphis tasmainiae Carver and Martyn, 1962 (Homoptera: Aphididae). Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 34: 38–47.Google Scholar
Clements, F. E., and Chaney, R. W.. 1936. Environment and life in the Great Plains. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Suppl. Publ. 24: 52 pp.Google Scholar
Eastop, V. F. 1958. A study of the Aphididae (Homoptera) of east Africa. Colon. Res. Publ. 20 H.M.S.O. London: 126 pp.Google Scholar
Evans, J. W. 1956. Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Hemiptera (Insects). Aust. J. Sci. 4: 165–258.Google Scholar
Folinsbee, R. E. et al. , 1964. Radiometric dating of rhe Bearpaw sea. Bull. Amer. Ass. Petrol. Geol. 48: 525.Google Scholar
Hussey, R. C. 1947. Historical Geology, McGraw-Hill. New York, London. 465 pp.Google Scholar
Kennedy, J. S. et al. , 1962. A conspectus of aphids as vectors of plant viruses. Commonw. Inst. Agric. 56: 1–111.Google Scholar
McAlpine, J. F., and Martin, J. E. H.. 1966. Systematics of Sciadoceridae and relatives with descriptions of two new genera and species from Canadian amber and erection of family Ironmyiidae (Diptera: Phoroidea). Canad. Ent. 98: 527–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Termier, H., and Termier, G.. 1952. Histoire géologique de la biosphere. Masson and Co. Paris. 721 pp.Google Scholar