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A SIMULATION MODEL OF NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM, DIABROTICA BARBERI SMITH AND LAWRENCE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), POPULATION DYNAMICS AND OVIPOSITION: SIGNIFICANCE OF HOST PLANT PHENOLOGY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Steven E. Naranjo  and
Alan J. Sawyer
Steven E. Naranjo
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
Alan J. Sawyer
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Plant Protection Research Unit, U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Tower Road, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
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Abstract

Based on field and laboratory research, a simulation model was developed that describes the within-season population dynamics and oviposition of adult northern corn rootworm beetles, Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, in field corn, Zea mays L. Particular emphasis was placed on the role of host plant phenology. Overall goals were to examine the contribution of insect dispersal to the dynamics of single fields, and provide a means of examining the factors influencing insect/plant synchrony and the relationship between adult abundance, oviposition, and crop phenology. The model is process-oriented and integrates component models for corn phenology, and adult emergence, mortality, dispersal, reproductive development, and oviposition.

Comparison of field data with simulations excluding dispersal generally indicated a net emigration of beetles from corn fields on a season-long basis; however, the timing and magnitude of dispersal from fields were strongly influenced by the relative timing of corn flowering, beetle sex, and the reproductive maturity of females. Simulation and field data were used to describe and estimate the parameters of a component model for dispersal incorporating these features. Various component models and the overall system model were validated against independent field data. The model provided adequate prediction of adult emergence and crop phenology for three varieties on which it was based, but consistently underpredicted total oviposition and poorly predicted the phenology of two different corn varieties. Overall, the model accurately predicted seasonal population trends, the relative abundance of mature females, and the relationship between adult abundance and oviposition.

Résumé

On a mis au point un modèle de simulation décrivant la dynamique des populations saisonnière et la ponte de la chrysomèle des racines du maïs, Diabrotica barberi Smith et Lawrence, sur le maïs, Zea mays L., sur la base de résultats de terrain et de laboratoire. On s’est concentré sur le rôle de la phénologie de la plante hôte. Les objectifs d’ensemble étaient d’examiner la contribution de la dispersion sur la dynamique des champs individuels, et de développer des outils permettant d’étudier les facteurs qui influencent la synchronie insecte–plante et la relation entre l’abondance des adultes, la ponte et la phénologie de la culture. Le modèle est axé sur la description des processus et intègre des sous-modèles de la phénologie du maïs, de l’émergence des adultes, de la mortalité, de la dispersion, du développement reproducteur, et de la ponte.

La comparaison de données du terrain et des résultats de simulation faisant abstraction de la dispersion a généralement indiqué une émigration nette des chrysomèles des champs de maïs sur une base saisonnière; cependant, le moment et l’amplitude de l’émigration des champs étaient fortement influencés par le moment relatif de la floraison, le sexe des chrysomèles, et la maturité reproductive des femelles. Les résultats de simulation et les données du terrain ont été utilisés pour décrire et estimer les paramètres d’un sous-modèle de dispersion incorporant ces caractéristiques. Plusieurs sous-modèles et le modèle de l’ensemble du système ont pu être validés sur la base de données de terrain indépendantes. Le modèle a permis des prévisions correctes de l’émergence des adultes et de la phénologie du maïs pour les trois variétés qui ont servi au développement, mais il a généralement sous-estimé la ponte totale et a donné des prévisions incorrectes de la phénologie pour deux variétés différentes de maïs. Dans l’ensemble, le modèle a prédit correctement les tendances saisonnières des populations, l’abondance relative des femelles matures, et la relation entre l’abondance des adultes et la ponte.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 121 , Issue 2 , February 1989 , pp. 169 - 191
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989

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