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SEX PHEROMONE BLEND OF THE PANDORA MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: SATURNIIDAE), AN OUTBREAK PEST IN PINE FORESTS (PINACEAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J. Steven McElfresh ,
Xin Chen ,
Darrell W. Ross  and
Jocelyn G. Millar
J. Steven McElfresh
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States 92521
Xin Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States 92521
Darrell W. Ross
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon, United States 97331
Jocelyn G. Millar*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States 92521
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The female-produced sex pheromone blend of the pandora moth, Coloradia pandora pandora Blake, a pest responsible for periodic defoliation of pine forests in the western United States, has been identified. The pheromone consisted of a mixture of E10,Z12-hexadecadienal, E10,Z12-hexadecadienyl acetate, and E10,E12-hexadecadienyl acetate. All three components were essential for optimal attraction. E10,Z12-Hexadecadienol, tentatively identified in trace amounts in pheromone gland extracts, elicited strong responses from male antennae in coupled gas chromatography – electroantennogram analyses but had no apparent effect as a pheromone component at physiologically relevant levels. Hexadecanal, octadecanal, and hexadecyl acetate also were identified in extracts of female pheromone glands but elicited no responses from male antennae, nor did they appear to be components of the attractant blend. In field trials, each trap baited with the optimized three-component blend of E10,Z12-hexadecadienal, E10,Z12-hexadecadienyl acetate, and E10,E12-hexadecadienyl acetate captured an average of more than 40 male moths per night.

Résumé

La phéromone sexuelle complexe émise par les femelles du saturne Coloradia pandora pandora Blake, un parasite responsable de la défoliation périodique des forêts de pins dans l’ouest américain, a été identifié. La phéromone est un mélange d’E10,Z12-hexadécadiénal, d’acétate d’E10,Z12-hexadécadiényle et d’acétate d’E10,E12-hexadécadiényle. Les trois composantes sont essentielles pour que le pouvoir d’attraction soit optimal. L’E10,E12-hexadécadiénol, présent à l’état de traces et identifié sous toutes réserves dans les extraits de glandes à phéromone, provoque des réactions importantes des antennes chez les mâles, telles que perçues lors d’analyses couplées de chromatographie en phase gazeuse et d’électroantennogramme, mais ne semble pas avoir d’effet apparent comme composante de la phéromone à des niveaux physiologiquement décelables. L’hexadécanal, l’octodécanal, et l’acétate d’hexadécyl sont également identifiés comme extraits des glandes à phéromones des femelles, mais ne provoquent aucune réaction antennaire chez les mâles et ne semblent pas entrer dans la composition du mélange attirant. Sur le terrain, chaque piège garni d’un mélange optimisé des trois composantes, E10,Z12-hexadécadiénal, acétate d’E10,Z12-hexadécadiényl, et acétate d’E10,E12-hexadécadiényle, a attiré en moyenne plus de 40 mâles par nuit.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 132 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 775 - 787
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2000

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