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SEASONAL BIOLOGY OF METEORUS TRACHYNOTUS VIER. (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) AND OF ITS OVERWINTERING HOST CHORISTONEURA ROSACEANA (HARR.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J. Maltais ,
J. Régnière ,
C. Cloutier ,
C. Hébert  and
D.F. Perry
J. Maltais
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Québec Region, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
J. Régnière
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Québec Region, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
C. Cloutier
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Québec Region, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
C. Hébert
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Québec Region, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
D.F. Perry
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Québec Region, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
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Abstract

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The braconid parasitoid Meteorus trachynotus Vier. was found in overwintered larvae of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harr.), on foliage of a variety of deciduous species, well before the parasitoid’s attack on the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). In the spring, percentage parasitism of C. rosaceana by M. trachynotus was 8.0 and 18.8% in 1986 and 1987, respectively. Maximum parasitism on C. fumiferana (35 and 4% in 1986 and 1987, respectively) was reached in late June, at a time when over 50% of M. trachynotus cocoons found on deciduous vegetation had emerged. Twenty days later, parasitoids produced on C. fumiferana reached 50% adult emergence. The catches of adult parasitoids on sticky traps placed on deciduous trees and on conifers showed two periods of adult activity. Based on the sex ratio of captured parasitoids, male M. trachynotus were active at emergence sites, whereas females were found mostly in the habitats of available hosts. The phenology of C. rosaceana was observed in 1987. As indicated by light-trap captures, males fly sooner than females. Eggs were laid in July, and so the early larval stages were available to female M. trachynotus as overwintering hosts. Several parasitoids common to C. rosaceana and C. fumiferana were identified.

Résumé

Le parasitoïde braconide Meteorus trachynotus Vier. a été retrouvé, dans des larves hivernées de la tordeuse à bandes obliques, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harr.), sur le feuillage de diverses espèces feuillues, bien avant que ne commence l’attaque de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) par le parasitoïde. Au printemps, le pourcentage de parasitisme dès larves de C. rosaceana par M. trachynotus était de 8,0 et 18,8% en 1986 et 1987, respectivement. Les maxima de parasitisme sur C. fumiferana (35 et 4% en 1986 et 1987, respectivement) ont été atteints à la fin juin, période à laquelle les cocons du parasitoïde trouvés sur les décidus étaient émergées à plus de 50%. Vingt jours plus tard, l’émergence des adultes du parasitoïde issus de C. fumiferana atteignait 50%. Les captures du parasitoïde par des pièges collants disposés sur les feuillus et les conifères ont montré deux périodes d’activité des adultes. Le rapport des sexes dans ces captures a montré que les mâles du parasitoïde étaient actifs aux sites d’émergence des cocons, alors que les femelles étaient retrouvées principalement dans les habitats respectifs des tordeuses recherchées comme hôtes aux différentes périodes. La phénologie de C. rosaceana a été suivie en 1987. La période de vol des adultes de ce tortricide, déterminée à l’aide de pièges lumineux, montre une protandrie prononcée. La période de ponte des femelles a eu lieu pendant le mois de juillet, de sorte que les larves des premiers stades sont exposées aux femelles de M. trachynotus comme hôtes d’hivernement. Plusieurs parasitoïdes communs à C. rosaceana et C. fumiferana ont été identifiés.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 121 , Issue 9 , September 1989 , pp. 745 - 756
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989

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