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SCREENING FOR ANTIXENOSIS RESISTANCE TO FLEA BEETLES, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), IN RAPESEED AND RELATED CRUCIFERS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
P.B.E. McVetty
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2

Abstract

A laboratory method to screen crucifer seedlings for antixenosis resistance to flea beetles, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), is described. The method utilizes a plexiglass arena with a foam base to hold 30- by 50-mm vials containing individual seedlings of 10 entries (10 seedlings per entry) in a 10 × 10 layout. In each arena, nine test entries and a standard entry are compared in a Latin square design. Flea beetles are allowed to feed on seedlings for about 30 h, and then the damage to individual seedlings is estimated using a visual rating scale. A rating of one arena can be completed in about 15 min. Seedlings at the arena edge often suffer more damage than those in the centre of the arena, but the effect of this variability in damage is minimized by the Latin square design. Use of border (guard) rows and columns does not eliminate the edge effects. The use of arenas without borders, and a single damage rating where the damage to the standard entry is about 50% of the cotyledon area, are considered ideal for initial screening to identify sources of flea beetle resistance. The method detects entries that differ by as little as 18% damage using a single arena with 10 replicate seedlings per entry. No significant antixenosis was found among 19 cultivars of Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L., but one accession of B. carinata L. and two accessions of Sinapis alba (L.) exhibited antixenosis.

Résumé

On trouvera ici la description d’une méthode expérimentale destinée à identifier les jeunes plants de crucifères résistants à l’Altise des crucifères, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). La technique nécessite une arène de plexiglas à fond de mousse de plastique pouvant contenir des fioles de 30 par 50 mm contenant 10 séries de jeunes plants (10 plants par série) selon un arrangement de 10 × 10. Dans chaque arène, neuf séries expérimentales et une série témoin sont comparées dans un arrangement de carré Latin. Les altises sont mises en présence des plants durant environ 30 h et les dommages à chaque plant sont ensuite estimés au moyen d’une échelle visuelle. L’estimation des dommages dans une arène demande environ 15 min. Les plants situés en bordure de l’arène subissent souvent plus de dommages que ceux du centre de l’arène, mais l’effet de cette variabilité est minimisé par l’arrangement en carré latin. La disposition de rangées et de colonnes en bordure (gardes) n’élimine pas l’effet de bordure. L’utilisation d’arènes sans gardes et d’un seul coefficient de dommage, dont la valeur est déterminée en fonction de la série témoin quand environ 50% de la région du cotylédon est affectée, constituent les conditions idéales de tri initial de plants résistants à l’altise. La méthode permet de reconnaître les séries dont les dommages varient d’aussi peu que 18% en utilisant une seule arène contenant 10 jeunes plants par série. Aucune résistance significative n’a été trouvée chez 19 cultivars de Brassica napus L. et B. campestris L., mais un cas d’antixénose a été constaté chez B. carinata L. et deux cas chez Sinapis alba (L.).

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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