Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T14:29:18.920Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Revision of the taxonomy and distribution of the Neotropical Copris incertus species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2018

James D.G. Darling  and
François Génier
James D.G. Darling*
Affiliation:
Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, 1740 Pink Road, Gatineau, Québec, J9J 3N7, Canada
François Génier
Affiliation:
Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, 1740 Pink Road, Gatineau, Québec, J9J 3N7, Canada
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Copris incertus Say, 1835 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Coprini) has been described as a New World coprophagous scarab distributed from Mexico to Ecuador with large discontinuities in its range between the Yucatán province and Costa Rica. The C. incertus species complex of the Copris minutus (Drury, 1773) species group consists of C. incertus, Copris laeviceps Harold, 1869, and Copris lugubris Boheman, 1858. Based on external morphology and male genitalia, we discovered that multiple species have been classified as C. incertus. Of these species, five are new: Copris amazonicusnew species, Copris brevicornisnew species, Copris davidinew species, Copris moroninew species, and Copris susanaenew species. Herein, we revise the organisation of the C. incertus species complex and propose a new species complex, the C. laeviceps species complex, which includes: C. davidi, Copris igualensis Warner, 1990, and C. laeviceps, formerly included in the C. incertus species complex. We provide an identification key along with species distribution maps, images of habitus, and diagnostic characters.

Résumé

Copris incertus Say, 1835 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Coprini) a été décrit comme scarabée coprophage du Nouveau Monde distribué du Mexique à l’Équateur avec de grandes discontinuités dans son aire de répartition comprise entre la province du Yucatán et le Costa Rica. Le complexe d’espèces C. incertus du groupe d’espèces Copris minutus (Drury, 1773) comprend C. incertus, Copris laeviceps Harold, 1869, et Copris lugubris Boheman, 1858. D’après la morphologie externe et les organes génitaux mâles, nous avons découvert que plusieurs espèces ont été classées comme C. incertus. Parmi ces espèces, cinq sont nouvelles: Copris amazonicusnouvelle espèce, Copris brevicornisnouvelle espèce, Copris davidinouvelle espèce, Copris moroninouvelle espèce et Copris susanaenouvelle espèce. Ici, nous révisons l’organisation du complexe d’espèces C. incertus et proposons un nouveau complexe d’espèces, le complexe d’espèces C. laeviceps, qui comprend: C. davidi, Copris igualensis Warner, 1990, et C. laeviceps, autrefois inclus dans le complexe d’espèces C. incertus. Nous présentons une clé d’identification ainsi que des cartes de répartition pour chacune des espèces, ainsi que les images des habitus et des caractères diagnostiques.

Type
Systematics & Morphology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 150 , Issue 5 , October 2018 , pp. 539 - 577
Copyright
© Entomological Society of Canada 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barbero, P. 2001. Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) copronecrófagos interesantes del Departamento de Río San Juan, Nicaragua. Revista Nicaragüense de Entomología, 55/58: 11–21.Google Scholar
Bates, H.W. 1887. Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia. In Biologia Centrali Americana. Class Insecta. Coleoptera. Edited by F.D. Godwin and O. Salvin. Taylor & Francis, London, United Kingdom. Pp. 25–160.Google Scholar
Blackwelder, R.E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185: 189–341.Google Scholar
Blank, R.H., Black, H., and Olson, M.H. 1983. Preliminary investigations of dung removal and flight biology of the Mexican dung beetle Copris incertus in Northland (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). New Zealand Entomologist, 7: 360–364.Google Scholar
Boheman, C.H. 1858. Coleoptera. Species novas describsit. In Kongliga svenka fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring jorden under befäl af C. A. Virgin åren 1851–1853. Andra delen. Zoologi. 1. Insecta. K. Svenka Vetenskaps-Akademien, Stockholm, Sweden.Google Scholar
Cabral-de-Mello, D., Gomes de Oliveira, S., Ramos, I.C., and Cássia de Moura, R. de 2008. Karyotype differentiation patterns in species of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Scarabaeidae, Coleoptera). Micron, 39: 1243–1250.Google Scholar
Delgado, L. and Kohlmann, B. 2001. A new species and two new subspecies of Copris from Mexico and Central America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 109: 344–353.Google Scholar
Deloya, C., Ruiz-Lizarraga, G., and Morón, M.A. 1987. Analisis de la entomofauna necrophila en la region de Jojutla, Morelos, Mexico. Folia Entomológica Mexicana, 73: 157–171.Google Scholar
Felsche, C. 1901. Beschreibungen coprophager Scarabaeiden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1901: 135–155.Google Scholar
Funasaki, G., Lai, P., Nakahara, L., and Beardsley, J. 1988. A review of biological control introductions in Hawaii: 1890 to 1985. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Enotmological Society, 28: 105–160.Google Scholar
Génier, F. and Moretto, P. 2017. Digitonthophagus Balthasar, 1959: taxonomy, systematics, and morphological phylogeny of the genus revealing an African species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Zootaxa, 4248: 1–110.Google Scholar
Gillet, J.J.E. 1910. Espèces nouvelles du genre Copris et relevé synonymique des espèces décrites à ce jour. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 32: 1–31.Google Scholar
Gillet, J.J.E. 1911. Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. Coleopterorum Catalogus, 38: 1–263.Google Scholar
Halffter, G. and Edmonds, W.D. 1982. The nesting behavior of dung beetles (Scarabaeinae): an ecological and evolutive approach. Instituto de Ecología, Mexico City, Mexico.Google Scholar
Halffter, G., Huerta, C., and Lopez-Portillo, J. 1996. Parental care and offspring survival in Copris incertus Say, a subsocial beetle. Animal Behaviour, 52: 133–139.Google Scholar
Halffter, G. and Matthews, E. 1966. The natural history of dung beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Folia Entomológica Mexicana, 12–14: 1–312.Google Scholar
Halffter, G., Verdú, J.R., Márquez, J., and Moreno, C.E. 2008. Biogeographical analyis of Scarabaeinae and Geotrupinae along a transect in Cental Mexico. Fragmenta Entomologica, 40: 273–332.Google Scholar
Harold, E. von 1869a. Ueber Coprophage Lamellicornien mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Pariser Sammlungen. Coleopterologische Hefte, 5: 46–70.Google Scholar
Harold, E. von 1869b. Note sur quelques coprides du Mexique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 9: 493–512.Google Scholar
Harold, E. von 1869c. Tom. IV. Scarabaeidae. In Catalogus Coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synonymicus et systematicus autoribus Dr. Gemminger et B. de Harold. Edited by M. Gemminger and E. von Harold. E.H. Gummi, Munich, Germany. Pp. 979–1346.Google Scholar
Harold, E. von 1873. Berichtigungen und Zusätze zum Catalogus Coleopterorum synonymicus et systematicus. Coleopterologische Hefte, 11: 106–109.Google Scholar
Harold, E. von 1880. Verzeichniss der von E. Steinheil in Neu-Granada gesammelten coprophagen Lamellicornien. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 41: 13–46.Google Scholar
Harvey, C., González, J., and Somarriba, E. 2006. Dung beetle and terrestrial mammal diversity in forests, indigenous agroforestry systems and plantain monocultures in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Biodiversity and Conservation, 15: 555–585.Google Scholar
Howden, H.F. and Young, O.P. 1981. Panamanian Scarabaeinae: taxonomy, distribution, and habits (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 18: 1–204.Google Scholar
Kohlmann, B. 2003. Tribu Coprini. In Atlas de los escarabajos de México. Coleoptera: Lamellicornia. Volume II. Familias Scarabaeidae, Trogidae, Passalidae y Lucanidae. Edited by M.A. Morón. Acta Zoológica Mexicana, Barcelona, Spain. Pp. 45–58.Google Scholar
Kohlmann, B., Cano, E., and Delgado, L. 2003. New species and records of Copris (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Scarabaeinae) from Central America. Zootaxa, 167: 1–16.Google Scholar
Kohlmann, B., Solís, A., Elle, O., Soto, X., and Russo, R. 2007. Biodiversity, conservation, and hotspot atlas of Costa Rica: a dung beetle perspective (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Zootaxa, 1457: 1–34.Google Scholar
Leng, C.W. 1920. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, north of Mexico, John D. Sherman, Mount Vernon, New York, United States of America.Google Scholar
Marchisio, R. and Zunino, M. 2012. Il genere Copris Müller. Tassonomia, filogenesi e note di zoogeografia. World Biodiversity Association Monographs, 2: 1–174.Google Scholar
Matthews, E. 1959. Nueva especies de Copris (Col., Scarab.) y clave para la determinación de las especies mexicana del genero. Ciencia (Mexico), 19: 133–136.Google Scholar
Matthews, E. 1961. A revision of the genus Copris Müller of the Western Hemisphere (Coleoptera. Scarabaeidae). Entomologica Americana, 151: 1–137.Google Scholar
Matthews, E. and Halffter, G. 1968. New data on American Copris with discussion of a fossil species (Coleopt., Scarab.). Ciencia México, 221: 147–162.Google Scholar
McCleve, S. and Kohlmann, B. 2005. New species and new records of Copris (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Mexico and the United States. Zootaxa, 1096: 17–28.Google Scholar
Mora-Aguilar, E. and Delgado, L. 2015. Two new species of Copris (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Mexico, with a key based on major males to the remotus species complex. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 108: 875–880.Google Scholar
Naskrecki, P. 2008. Mantis – a manager of taxonomic information and specimens, version 2.0. P. Naskrecki, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.Google Scholar
Nichols, E., Spector, S., Louzada, J., Larsen, T., Amézquita, S., and Favila, M.E. 2008. Ecological functions and ecosystem services provided by Scarabaeinae dung beetles. Biological Conservation, 141: 1461–1474.Google Scholar
Palestrini, C., Pavan, G., and Zunino, M. 1990. Acoustic signals and stridulatory apparatus in Copris incertus Say (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae: Coprinae). Acta Zoológica Mexicana, 39: 1–18.Google Scholar
Palestrini, C., Pavan, G., and Zunino, M. 1991. Acoustic signals in Copris incertus Say (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae: Coprinae). Ethology, Ecology and Evolution, 1: 143–146.Google Scholar
Pereira, F.S. and d’Andretta, M.A.V. 1955. Novos Escarabeideos e novas sinonímias (Col. Scarabaeidae). Papéis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, 12: 247–264.Google Scholar
Pereira, F.S. and Halffter, G. 1961. Nuevos datos sobre Lamellicornia Mexicanos con algunas observaciones sobre Saprofagia. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 10: 53–66.Google Scholar
Ratcliffe, B. 1998. An unusual species of Copris from Nicaragua. (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae, Coprini). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 52: 93–96.Google Scholar
Say, T. 1835. Descriptions of new North American Coleopterous insects, and observations on some already described. Boston Journal of Natural History, 1: 151–203.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. 1906. On Bradycinetus and Bolboceras of North America, with notes on other Scarabaeidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 32: 249–260.Google Scholar
Shorthouse, D.P. 2010. SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps [online]. Avaliable from www.simplemappr.net [accessed 30 April 2018].Google Scholar
Simmonds, H.W. 1940. Investigations with a view to the biological control of houseflies in Fiji. Tropical Agriculture, 17: 197–199.Google Scholar
Solís, A. and Kohlmann, B. 2003. New species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Costa Rica and Panama. Zootaxa, 139: 1–14.Google Scholar
Solís, A. and Kohlmann, B. 2012. Checklist and distribution atlas of the Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 3482: 1–32.Google Scholar
Thomas, W.P. 1960. Notes on a preliminary investigation into the habits and life cycle of Copris incertus Say (Coprini: Coleoptera) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Science, 3: 8–14.Google Scholar
Warner, W.B. 1990. Two new North American Copris Müller, with notes on other species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 66: 232–240.Google Scholar
Wheeler, Q.D. and Platnick, N.I. 2000. The phylogenetic species concept (sensu Wheeler and Platnick). In Species concepts and phylogenetic theory: a debate. Edited by Q.D. Wheeler and R. Meier. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, United States of America. Pp. 55–69.Google Scholar