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RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF PESTICIDES USED FOR LEPIDOPTERAN INSECT CONTROL ON CITRUS TO APHYTIS MELINUS DEBACH (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

T.S. Bellows Jr. ,
J.G. Morse  and
L.K. Gaston
T.S. Bellows Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA 92521
J.G. Morse
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA 92521
L.K. Gaston
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA 92521
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Abstract

Fifteen compounds used for suppression of lepidopteran pests of citrus were applied in a commercial manner to lemon trees. Amounts of dislodgable residues, together with mortality of Aphytis melinus DeBach confined on treated foliage, were monitored for 36 days following treatment. Most materials caused high mortalities on the 1st day following treatment. Several materials had little effect on A. melinus after 7 days post-treatment. These included a formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner endotoxin, a formulation of B. thuringiensis exotoxin, cryolite, methomyl, mevinphos, naled, parathion, and trichlorfon. Carbosulfan, chlorpyrifos, esfenvalerate, fluvalinate, methomyl, and two formulations of carbaryl caused mortality for up to 30 days post-application. Mortality in the thiodicarb treatment was above 60% for the 36 days of the study. Mortality was correlated with amounts of dislodgable residue for each material tested.

Résumé

Quinze composés destinés à l’élimination des Lépidoptères nuisibles aux agrumes ont été utilisés à une échelle commerciale dans des vergers de citronniers. Les quantités de résidus récupérables et la mortalité d’Aphytis melinus DeBach sur le feuillage des arbres traités ont été estimées pendant 36 jours après le traitement. La plupart des composés ont entraîné une forte mortalité au cours de la première journée qui a suivi le traitement. Plusieurs avaient peu d’effet sur A. melinus après 7 jours, notamment une préparation d’endotoxine de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, une préparation d’exotoxine de B. thuringiensis, et d’autres produits, cryolite, méthomyl, mévinphos, naled, parathion et trichlorfon. Les produits suivants causaient encore de la mortalité 30 jours après l’application : carbosulfan, chlorpyrifos, esfenvalérate, fluvalinate, méthomyl et deux formes de carbaryl. Après l’application de thiodicarb, la mortalité était encore supérieure à 60% au bout des 36 jours de l’étude. La mortalité était toujours reliée à la quantité de résidus récupérables.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 6 , December 1993 , pp. 995 - 1001
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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