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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE PARASITOID HYPOSOTER EXIGUAE AND THE CABBAGE LOOPER, TRICHOPLUSIA NI: THE EFFECT OF HOST AGE ON OVIPOSITIONAL RATE OF THE PARASITOID AND SUCCESSFUL PARASITISM12

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Zane Smilowitz  and
Gerard F. Iwantsch
Zane Smilowitz
Affiliation:
Pesticide Research Laboratory and Graduate Study Center and Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Gerard F. Iwantsch
Affiliation:
Pesticide Research Laboratory and Graduate Study Center and Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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Abstract

The effect of host age of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), on ovipositional rate and successful parasitism by Hyposoter exiguae (Viereck), a solitary endoparasitoid was investigated. Success in parasitism of T. ni was correlated with host age. Successful parasitism of hosts exposed as first, second, or early third instar larvae, ranged from 83 to 88%. A decline in parasitism was observed for the remaining instars with a low of 27% for mid-fifth instar larvae.

A different relationship between host age and successful parasitism was observed in tests where all five instars of the host were presented to the parasitoid simultaneously. Successful parasitism was highest among second and third instars, approximately 75% for both, and lowest for fifth and first instars, 10% and 30%, respectively. A significantly higher rate of mortality was found for first instar hosts.

The ovipositional rate of H. exiguae was related to host age. The parasitoid deposited an average of 2.3 and 1.3 eggs per 24 h in first and second instar T. ni, respectively The number of eggs/host and degree of superparasitism declined in older individuals and differed statistically for each instar. The percentage parasitism differed statistically for all but first and second instar larvae.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 107 , Issue 7 , July 1975 , pp. 689 - 694
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1975

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