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The planthopper genus Stenocranus in Canada: implications for classification of Delphacidae (Hemiptera)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

K G.A. Hamilton
K G.A. Hamilton
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Biodiversity, K.W. Neatby Building, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario,Canada K1A 0C6 (e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The Canadian species of Stenocranus Fieber are keyed by external characters correlated with species concepts defined by known genitalic characters. Stenocranus is differentiated from Terauchiana Matsumura (Asian; here reported from the New World for the first time) and Embolophora Stål (from Africa) by the remarkable development of the female pygofers, which completely conceal the ovipositor. Based on both head and genitalic characters, the genus is divided into two subgenera: typical Stenocranus with many Old World species and two Canadian species, and subgenus Codexnov. for other New World species. The type of Delphax dorsalis Fitch, 1851 is a specimen of Stenocranus pallidus Beamer, 1946 syn. nov., and "S. dorsalis" sensu Beamer is S. unipunctatus (Provancher, 1872). A lectotype of Delphax vittata Stål, 1862 is designated for the taxon S. unipunctatus (sensu Beamer, nec Provancher); its paralectotypes are specimens of S. acutus Beamer. The apparent evolutionary relationships of this fauna to other species of the world Stenocranini and within the superficially similar Saccharosydnini reveal numerous homoplasies and dramatic autapomorphies, contrasted with only a few reliable synapomorphies. A hierarchical classification of Delphacidae, based on the most distinctive synapomorphies, defines subfamily Delphacinae as encompassing at least four tribes: Vizcayini, Stenocranini, Tropidocephalini, and Delphacini, with "Kelisiinae" reduced to subtribe of Stenocranini and "Saccharosydnini" placed within Tropidocephalini.

Résumé

Une clé permet d'identifier les espèces canadiennes de Stenocranus Fieber d'après leurs caractéristiques externes qui ont été reliées aux concepts d'espèces définis par les caractères connus des pièces génitales. Stenocranus se différencie de Terauchiana Matsumura (asiatique; signalé ici pour la première fois dans le Nouveau Monde) et Embolophora Stål (africain) par le développement remarquable des pygofères de la femelle qui cachent entièrement l'ovipositeur. D'après les caractères à la fois de la tête et des génitalias, le genre se divise en deux sous-genres, le sous-genre typique Stenocranus avec plusieurs espèces de l'Ancien Monde et deux espèces canadiennes et le sous-genre Codexnov. pour les autres espèces du Nouveau Monde. Le type de Delphax dorsalis Fitch, 1851 est un spécimen de Stenocranus pallidus Beamer, 1946 syn. nov. et « S. dorsalis » sensu Beamer est S. unipunctatus (Provancher, 1872). Un lectotype de Delphax vittata Stål, 1862 est désigné pour le taxon S. unipunctatus (sensu Beamer, nec Provancher); ses paralectotypes sont des spécimens de S. acutus Beamer. Les relations évolutives apparentes de cette faune avec les autres espèces mondiales de Stenocranini, ainsi qu'à l'intérieur des Sacchar osydnini d'apparence superficielle semblable, montrent de nombreuses homoplasies et des autapomorphies remarquables, alors qu'il y a peu de synapomorphies fiables. Une classification hiérarchique des Delphacidae, basée sur les synapomorphies les plus distinctes, définit la sous-famille Delphacinae comme comprenant au moins quatre tribus, les Vizcayini, les Stenocranini, les Tropidocephalini et les Delphacini; les « Kelisiinae » sont réduits à une sous-tribu des Stenocranini et les « Saccharosydnini » sont placés parmi les Tropidocephalini.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Articles
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The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Special Issue/Numéro spécial 4: Honouring Geoffrey G. E. Scudder/En hommage à Geoffrey G.E. Scudder , August 2006 , pp. 493 - 503
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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