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Phylogenetic analyses using molecular markers reveal ecological lineages in Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2012

Marc Pollet ,
Christoph Germann  and
Marco Valerio Bernasconi
Marc Pollet
Affiliation:
Research Group Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Department of Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
Christoph Germann
Affiliation:
Zoological Museum, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Marco Valerio Bernasconi*
Affiliation:
Zoological Museum, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
*
Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Medetera Fischer von Waldheim is the most speciose genus in the Medeterinae, with a nearly ubiquitous global distribution. Phylogenetic relationships within Medetera and between Medetera and four other medeterine genera were investigated using mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (18S) markers to test morphological hypotheses. Our results confirm most of Bickel's hypotheses. Thrypticus Gerstäcker shows a sister-group relationship with Medetera + Dolichophorus Lichtwardt. The Medetera species included here split into two clades. One clade corresponds to the M. diadema L. – veles Loew species group sensu Bickel. The second clade is largely composed of the M. apicalis (Zetterstedt) species group sensu Bickel and the M. aberrans Wheeler species group sensu Bickel + Dolichophorus. Although most Medeterinae are associated with plants (mainly trees), species in at least two separate lineages demonstrate a secondary return to terrestrial habitats. The implication of this evolutionary phenomenon is briefly discussed.

Résumé

Medetera Fischer von Waldheim est le genre des Medeterinae le plus riche en espèces, et est pratiquement ubiquiste dans sa distribution globale. Les relations phylogénétiques à l'intérieur de Medetera et entre Medetera et quatre autres genres de Medeterinae ont été étudiées à l'aide de marqueurs mitochondriaux (COI, 16S) et nucléaire (18S) pour tester les hypothèses morphologiques. Nos résultats confirment la plupart des hypothèses de Bickel. Thrypticus Gerstäcker montre une relation de groupe-sœur avec Medetera + Dolichophorus Lichtwardt. Les espèces de Medetera incluses se séparent en deux clades, dont l'un correspond au groupe d'espèces de M. diadema L. – veles Loew (sensu Bickel). Le second clade est composé en grande partie du groupe d'espèces de M. apicalis (Zetterstedt) (sensu Bickel), et du groupe d'espèces de M. aberrans Wheeler (sensu Bickel) + Dolichophorus Wheeler. Bien que la plupart des Medeterinae soient associés à des plantes (principalement des arbres), dans au moins deux lignées séparées des espèces montrent un retour secondaire à des habitats terrestres. L'implication de ce phénomène évolutionnaire est brièvement discuté.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 143 , Issue 6 , December 2011 , pp. 662 - 673
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2011

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