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PHENOLOGY AND INFESTATION LEVEL OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HÜBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. Palaniswamy ,
B. Galka  and
B. Timlick
P. Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
B. Galka
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
B. Timlick
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
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Abstract

Studies were conducted from 1985 to 1988 in commercial corn fields distributed throughout the main corn growing areas of Manitoba to determine the distribution, phenology, and the level of infestation of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). Pheromone and blacklight traps were used to monitor the flight activity of European corn borer throughout the flight period. The level of European corn borer infestation was determined by sampling for egg masses, hatched egg masses, plants with egg masses, plants with shot holes, larvae, and stalk breakage. Results indicated that the European corn borer infestation occurred throughout the corn growing areas of Manitoba and that the population has declined from 1985 through 1988. Significant positive correlations existed among the number of egg masses, plants with egg masses, plants with shot holes, larvae per plant, and plants with broken stalks. Peak capture of moths in pheromone traps occurred well after peak oviposition, and 10–14 days after the peak blacklight trap capture. Blacklight trap catch, but not the pheromone trap catch, was positively correlated with egg mass density. Both blacklight and pheromone traps were equally efficient in determining the onset and the duration of European corn borer flight, although for initiating surveys of egg masses and shot hole damage, pheromone traps are recommended. In Manitoba, corn growers apply pesticides well before the recommended damage threshold is reached.

Résumé

Des études ont été menées à partir de 1985 jusqu’à 1988 dans les champs de maïs commercial, distribués à travers les principales régions d’exploitation de maïs au Manitoba, pour déterminer la distribution, la phénologie et le niveau d’infestation de la pyrale de maïs, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). Les pièges de phéromone et de lumière noire ont été utilisés pour surveiller l’activité du vol de la pyrale de maïs pendant la période de vol. Le niveau de l’infestation par la pyrale de maïs a été déterminé par l’échantillonnage de masses d’oeufs, de masses d’oeufs éclos, de plantes ayant des masses d’oeufs, de plantes ayant des trous, des larves et des tiges cassées. Les résultats ont démontré que l’infestation de la pyrale de maïs a eu lieu à travers les régions d’exploitation de maïs au Manitoba et que la population a diminué de 1985 à 1988, compris. Les corrélations positives significatives ont existé parmi le nombre de masses d’oeufs, les plantes avec des masses d’oeufs, les plantes trouées, le nombre de larves par plante et les plantes de tiges cassées. L’apogée de la prise d’adultes aux pièges de phéromones a eu lieu longtemps après l’apogée de la ponte et de 10–14 jours après l’apogée de la prise d’adultes aux pièges de lumière noire. La prise par les pièges de lumière noire, mais non celle par les pièges de phéromone, a eu une corrélation positive avec la densité des masses d’oeufs. Les deux sortes de piège ont été aussi efficace, l’un que l’autre, à déterminer le commencement et la durée de vol de la pyrale de maïs, malgré que les pièges à phéromones sont recommandés pour commencer la surveillance des masses d’oeufs et des trous d’endommagement. Au Manitoba, les exploiteurs de maïs traitent avec les pesticides bien avant que le palier de dommage recommandé soit atteint.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 6 , December 1990 , pp. 1211 - 1220
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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Footnotes

1

Research Station Contribution No. 1418.

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