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PERSISTENCE OF CARBARYL (SEVIN-4-OIL®) IN WOODLAND PONDS AND ITS EFFECTS ON POND MACROINVERTEBRATES FOLLOWING FOREST SPRAYING

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

K. Elizabeth Gibbs ,
Terry M. Mingo  and
David L. Courtemanch
K. Elizabeth Gibbs
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine at Orono 04469
Terry M. Mingo
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine at Orono 04469
David L. Courtemanch
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Maine at Orono 04469
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Abstract

The impact of an experimental aerial application of carbaryl (Sevin-4-oil®) on the macroinvertebrate fauna of woodland ponds was studied in northern Maine. Carbaryl was applied at the rate of 840 g A.I./ha, the same rate as was used for control of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), damage. Four treated ponds and three untreated ponds were observed for up to 30 months following treatment. Maximum residue levels of 254 μg/L were found in the water and 53,793 μg/kg (dry weight) in the sediment. Residues were detectable in the water 14 months and in the sediment 16 months after treatment.

The most severe and persistent impact was on the Amphipoda with Hyallela azteca (Saussure) and Crangonyx richmondensis Ellis reduced to near 0/m2 and failing to recolonize in some of the ponds 30 months after treatment. Numbers of immature Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera were reduced immediately following spray application but this impact did not persist throughout the season nor into the following year. Immediate reduction in numbers of adult Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera emerging from the ponds was also found. Numbers of immature Odonata were reduced following treatment and remained low during the following year. The Chironomidae did not appear affected either as immatures or emerging adults.

Résumé

L'impact des applications aériennes de carbaryl (Sevin-4-oil®) sur la macro-faune invertébrée d'étangs du sous-bois a été étudié dans le nord du Maine. Le carbaryl a été appliqué à la dose de 840 g I.A./ha, soit la dose appliquée pour le contrôle des dommages causés par la tordeuse, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). Des observations ont été faites dans quatre étangs traités et 3 étangs non-traités, jusqu'à 30 mois après le traitement. Des niveaux maximum de résidus de 254 μg/L ont été observés dans l'eau, et de 53,793 μg/kg (poids sec) dans les sédiments. Des niveaux détectables de résidus ont été trouvés 14 mois après le traitement dans l'eau, et 16 mois après le traitement dans les résidus.

L'impact le plus important et le plus persistant a été noté pour les Amphipoda, Hyallela azteca (Saussure) et Crangonyx richmondensis Ellis ayant été réduits à près de 0/m2, et la recolonisation n'ayant pas eu lieu dans certains étangs 30 mois après le traitement. Les nombres d'Ephemeroptera et de Trichoptera immatures ont été réduits immédiatement après l'arrosage, mais cet effet n'a pas persisté au cours de la saison, ni l'année suivante. Une réduction immédiate des nombres d'Ephemeroptera et de Trichoptera adultes ayant émergé des étangs a aussi été observée. Les nombres d'Odonata immatures ont été réduits après le traitement et sont demeurés bas l'année suivante. Les Chironomidae n'ont pas semblé affectés à l'état d'immatures, ni comme adultes émergés.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 2 , February 1984 , pp. 203 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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