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OVIPOSITION, TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION, AND POTENTIAL IMPACT OF STROBILOMYIA LARICIS MICHELSEN AND S. VIARIA (HUCKETT) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE) ON EASTERN LARCH, LARIX LARICINA (DU ROI) K. KOCH

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Martha McClure
Affiliation:
Population Ecology Group, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2
Dan T. Quiring
Affiliation:
Population Ecology Group, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 6C2
Jean J. Turgeon
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service-Forest Pest Management Institute, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7

Abstract

A 2-year field study was carried out to locate and identify eggs, determine the temporal distributions of eggs and larvae, and assess the impact of Strobilomyia laricis and S. viaria on Larix laricina. Eggs of S. laricis were beige with a patterned surface and usually laid one per cone in the bud scales at the base of the cone. Eggs of S. viaria were white and smooth and usually laid one per cone between the ovuliferous scales of the cone. Strobilomyia laricis oviposited from mid- to late May and S. viaria from late May to mid-June, each species initiating oviposition at a different stage of cone phenology. Peak egg densities of S. laricis were 25 and 65% higher than those of S. viaria in 1990 and 1991, respectively. Larvae of both species completed development at the same time, from mid-June to early July. The mean number of scales eaten per cone did not differ between species; one larva damaged a mean of 8.4 scales per cone in 1990 and 10.7 scales per cone in 1991. As the number of scales per cone increased, the mean number of scales eaten increased and the mean percentage of scales eaten decreased. Cone crops were light in both years. In 1990, the only year we were able to differentiate cone maggot larvae, 44% of cones were damaged by S. laricis and only 16% by S. viaria. Together, S. laricis and S. viaria damaged 60 and 67% of the cones and destroyed 38 and 50% of the potential seed crop in 1990 and 1991, respectively.

Résumé

Des cônes de mélèze laricin, Larix laricina, ont été examinés des intervales réguliers, durant les étés 1990 et 1991, dans le but d’identifier les sites de ponte et de distinguer les oeufs de Strobilomyia laricis et de S. viaria, de déterminer la distribution temporelle de leurs oeufs et de leurs larves et d’évaluer l’incidence respective et combinée de leurs dégâts. Les oeufs de S. laricis sont beiges et leur surface est réticulée. En règle générale, ils sont pondus individuellement entre les écailles du bourgeon floral, à la base du cône. Les oeufs de S. viaria sont blancs et lisses et ils sont généralement pondus individuellement dans le cône, entre les écailes ovulifères. La période de ponte de S. laricis s’est échelonnée de la mi-mai à la fin de mai alors que celle de S. viaria a débuté à la fin de mai pour se terminer à la mi-juin. Chaque espèce a débuté la ponte à un stade différent de développement du cône. En 1990 et 1991, respectivement, les densités maximales d’oeufs de S. laricis furent de 25 et 65% plus élevées que celles de S. viaria. Les deux espèces ont terminé leur développement larvaire en même temps, soit entre la mi-juin et début de juillet. Le nombre moyen d’écaillés détruites par cône fut le même pour les deux espèces, chaque larve détruisant une moyenne de 8,4 écailles en 1990, et 10,7 écailles en 1991. La corrélation entre le nombre d’écaillés par cône et le nombre moyen d’écaillés détruites fut positive alors que celle entre le nombre d’écaillés et la proportion d’écaillés détruites fut négative. La production de cônes fut faible durant les deux années de cette étude. En 1990, la seule année où nous avons pu différencier les larves des deux espèces, 44% des cônes furent attaqués par S. laricis et seulement 16% par S. viaria. Ensemble, elles ont attaqué 60 et 67% des cônes, détruisant 38 et 50% de la production totale de graines de 1990 et 1991, respectivement.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

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