Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T11:49:33.203Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

NOTES ON THE INSECT PARASITES OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM1CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. Wilkes
Affiliation:
Running title – Wilkes, Coppel, Marhers – Parasites of Spruce Budworm.
H. C. Coppel
Affiliation:
Running title – Wilkes, Coppel, Marhers – Parasites of Spruce Budworm.
W. G. Mathers
Affiliation:
Running title – Wilkes, Coppel, Marhers – Parasites of Spruce Budworm.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The spruce budworm, Choristoneura (Archips) fumiferana (Clem.) (Tortricidae) has long been considered one of the most injurious forest insect pests in Canada. A general account of past outbreaks and an outline of its biology and bahits are given by Swaine and Craighead (1924). At the time these studies were made investigations were also undertaken by J.D. Tothill and A.B. Baird on the parasites and other natural control factors of the spruce budworm, but although a good deal of work was done, brief reference to which is made by Hewitt (1911, 1912, 1913), very little has been published.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1948

References

REFERENCES

Bedard, W. D. 1938. An annotated list of the insect fauna of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga mucronata Rafinesque) in the Northern Rocky Mountain Region. Can. Ent., 70: 188197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooks, A. R. 1945. New Canadian Diptera (Tachinidae). Can. Ent., 77: 7896.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, A. W. A. 1941. Foliage Insects of Spruce in Canada. Publ. Can. Dept. Agric. No. 712 (Tech. Bull. 31): 129.Google Scholar
Brown, N. R. 1946 a. Studies on parasites of the Spruce Budworm, Archips fumiferana (Clem.) 1. Life History of Apanteles fumiferanae Viereck. Can. Ent., 78: 121129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, N. R. 1946 b. Studies on Parasites of the Spruce Budworm, Archips fumiferana (Clem.) 2. Life History of Glypta fumiferanae (Viereck). Can. Ent., 78: 138147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppel, H. C. 1946. The collection of Spruce Budworm parasites in British Colombia with notes on their overwintering habits. 77 Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., 3840.Google Scholar
Cushman, R. A. 1920 a. The North American Ichneumon-flies of the tribe Ephialtini. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 58: 327362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cushman, R. A. 1920 b. North American Ichneumon-flies of the tribes Lycorini, Polysphinctini and Theroniini. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 58: 748.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fiske, W. F. 1903. A study of the parasites of the American tent caterpillar. Tech. Bull. N.H. Agric. Expt. Sta. 6: 184230.Google Scholar
Forbush, E. H. and Fernald, C. H.. 1896. The Gypsey moth, Porthetria dispar (Linn.) Mass. Board of Agric., Wright and Potter, Boston, U.S. pp. 495.Google Scholar
Gibson, A. 1910. The Entomological Record for 1910. 41st Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., 101120.Google Scholar
Gibson, A. 1912. The Entomological Record for 1912. 43rd Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., 113140.Google Scholar
Girault, A. A. 1911. On the identity of the most common species of the family Trichogrammidae. Bull. Wisconsin Nat. Hist., 9: 135155.Google Scholar
Glendenning, R. 1921. Notes on the Fauna and Flora of Mt. McLean. B.C., Proc. Ent. Soc. B.C. 18: 3944.Google Scholar
Hewitt, C. G. 1911. Report of the Dominion Entomologist for the year ending March 31, 1911, Ann. Rept. Expt. Farms, 1910–1911; pp. 107235.Google Scholar
Hewitt, C. G. 1912. Some of the work of the Division of Entomology in 1911, 42nd Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont., pp. 2527.Google Scholar
Hewitt, C. G. 1913. Report of the Dominion Entomologist for the year ending March 31, 1912. Ann. Rept. Expt. Farms, 1911–1912., pp. 173189.Google Scholar
Johnson, P. W. 1927. Biological Survey of the Mount Desert Region, Part 1. The insect fauna with reference to the flora and other biological features. Wistar Inst. Anat. Biol., Philadelphia pp. 1247.Google Scholar
Johannsen, O. A. 1913. Spruce budworm (Tortrix fumiferana, Clemens). Maine Agric. Expt. Sta. Orno, Bull. 210, pp. 1231.Google Scholar
Lambert, R. 1942. Les insectes forestiers du Quebec in 1941. Nat. Canad. 69: 173250.Google Scholar
Mathers, W. G. 1932. The spruce budworm in British Columbia For. Chron. 8: 156160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mills, H. B. 1942. Montana insect pests 1941 and 1942; 29th report of the State Entomologist. Bull. Mont. Agric. Sta., No. 408: 136.Google Scholar
Muesbeck, C. F. W. 1920. A revision of the North American species of the Ichneumon-flies belonging to the genus Apanteles. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 58: 483576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muesbeck, C. F. W. 1923. A revision of the North American species of Ichneumon-flies belonging to the genus Meteorus Haliday, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 63: 144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohwer, S. A. 1922. A new parasite of the spruce budworm (Hym.). Can. Ent. 54: 155156.Google Scholar
Sellers, W. F. 1943. The nearetic species of parasitic flies belonging to Zenillia and allied genera. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 93: 1108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swaine, J. M. and Craighead, F. C.. 1924. Studies on the spruce budworm (Cacoecia fumiferana Clem.). Dom. Can. Dept. Agric. Bull. 37: 191.Google Scholar
Tothill, J. D. 1912. Systematic notes on North American Tachinidae. Can. Ent., 44: 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tothill, J. D. 1913. Tachinidae and some Canadian hosts, Can. Ent., 45: 6975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tothill, J. D. 1923. Notes on the outbreak of spruce budworm, Forest Tent caterpillar and Larch sawfly in New Brunswick. Proc. Acad. Ent. Soc., 8: 172182.Google Scholar
Townes, H. K. Jr., 1944. A catalogue and reclassification of the nearctic Ichnemonidae. Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc., 11: 1925.Google Scholar
Townsend, C. H. T. 1940. Manual of Myiology. Part 10. p. 227. Townsend and Filhos, Itaquaquecetuba, Säo Paulo. Brazil.Google Scholar
Treherne, R. C. 1915. A preliminary list of parasitic insects known to occur in Canada. 46th Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc Ont. pp. 178193.Google Scholar
Twinn, C. R. 1938. A summary of the insect pest situation in Canada in 1938. 69th Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont. pp. 121134.Google Scholar
Viereck, H. L. 1912. Description of five new genera and 26 new species of Ichneumon-flies. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 42: 139155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkes, A. 1947. The introduction of insect parasites of the spruce budworm, Archips fumiferana Clem. into Eastern Canada. Can. Ent. 78: 8286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkes, A. and Anderson, M.. 1947. Notes on recovery of the introduced spruce budworm parasite, Phytodietus fumiferanae Rohwer in Eastern Canada. 77th Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont. pp. 4044.Google Scholar