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NEW APHIDS IN CRETACEOUS AMBER FROM ALBERTA (INSECTA, HOMOPTERA)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

OLE E. Heie  and
E.M. Pike
OLE E. Heie
Affiliation:
Institute of Biology, DLH, Emdrupvej 101, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
E.M. Pike
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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Abstract

Fossil aphids found in 13 pieces of Cretaceous Canadian amber from Alberta, age 73 million years, are described, and their morphologies, systematic positions, and biologies discussed: Cretamyzus pikei Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis electri Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis tuberculata Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis canadensis Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphisparva Heie, sp.nov., Calgariaphis unguifera Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Albertaphis longirostris Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., and Campaniaphis albertae Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov. Cretamyzus has been placed in a new family, Cretamyzidae, within the superfamily Aphidoidea, and the last four genera are placed in a new family, Mesozoicaphididae, within the superfamily Phylloxeroidea. It is contended that the origin and diversification of angiosperms occurred in the Cretaceous, resulting in extinction of several old specialized aphid groups feeding on gymnosperms while adaptive radiation of some less specialized and species-rich aphid groups occurred. The main part of the previously described Cretaceous aphids belongs to families that became extinct at the end of that period, and the fossils known from the beginning of the Tertiary already show a remarkably large resemblance to recent aphid fauna.

Résumé

On trouvera ici la description de pucerons fossiles trouvés en Alberta, dans 13 morceaux d’ambre crétacé canadien datant de 73 millions d’années; la morphologie, la position systématique et la biologie de ces insectes sont examinées. Ce sont : Cretamyzus pikei Heie, gen.nov. et sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis electri Heie, gen.nov. et sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis tuberculata Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis canadensis Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis parva Heie, sp.nov., Calgariaphis unguifera Heie, gen.nov. et sp.nov., Albertaphis longirostris Heie, gen.nov. et sp.nov., et Campaniaphis albertae Heie, gen.nov. et sp.nov. Cretamyzus à été classifié dans une nouvelle famille, les Cretamyzidae, de la super-famille des Aphidoidea, et les quatre autres genres ont été placés dans une nouvelle famille, les Mesozoicaphididae, de la super-famille des Phylloxeroidea. Nous croyons que l’origine et la diversification des angiospermes remontent au Crétacé, entraînant l’élimination de plusieurs groupes anciens et spécialisés de pucerons consommateurs de gymnospermes et déclenchant une radiation évolutive de pucerons de groupes moins spécialisés, riches en espèces. La plupart des pucerons crétacés décrits précédemment appartiennent à des familles qui sont disparues à la fin de cette période et les fossiles qui remontent au début du Tertiaire ressemblent déjà remarquablement aux faunes actuelles de pucerons.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 6 , December 1992 , pp. 1027 - 1053
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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