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MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALE GENITALIA WITH PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE OF CHORISTONEURA LEDERER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P.T. Dang
P.T. Dang
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, c/o Biosystematics Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaK1A 0C6
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Abstract

Male genitalia of Choristoneura species from the Nearctic Region and Palaearctic Region are described and illustrated. The study revealed that the male genitalia are among the most important body parts that contain valuable morphological characters for species distinction or grouping in this genus. They are potentially useful in the clarification of the taxonomic status of species in closely related species groups, such as the spruce budworm species complex in North America.

On the basis of 17 interpretable male genital characters and their corresponding evolutionary states, the phylogeny of the genus Choristoneura is inferred and proposed. Nine species groups are recognized: (1) fumiferana, pinus, biennis, orae, occidentalis, lambertiana, carnana, retiniana, and spaldingiana; (2) diversana, murinana, metasequoiacola, and jezoensis; (3) longicellana; (4) lafauryana; (5) conflictana and fractivittana; (6) hebenstreitella, adumbratana, and luticostana; (7) albaniana and lapponana; (8) rosaceana and parallela; and (9) obsoletana and zapulata.

Morphological evidence obtained in the present study suggests that two conifer-feeding species groups of Choristoneura, species group 1 from the Nearctic Region and species group 2 from the Palaearctic Region, are related. They represent the least evolved species groups in the genus. Choristoneura rosaceana, C. parallela, C. obsoletana, and C. zapulata, representing some of the species feeding on deciduous trees, are among the most evolved Choristoneura species.

Résumé

On trouvera ici la description illustrée des genitalia mâles des espèces néarctiques et paléarctiques du genre Choristoneura. Cette étude a révélé que les genitalia mâles sont les structures qui offrent les caractéristiques diagnostiques spécifiques les plus distinctives au sein de ce genre. Ils peuvent probablement servir à clarifier le statut taxonomique spécifique chez des groupes d’espèces très apparentées, notamment chez le complexe d’espèces que représente la Tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette en Amérique du Nord.

Une phylogénie du genre Choristoneura est proposée ici et elle est basée sur 17 caractères interprétables des genitalia mâles ainsi que sur leurs états évolutifs respectifs. Neuf groupes d’espèces sont reconnus : (1) fumiferana, pinus, biennis, orae, occidentalis, lambertiana, carnana, retiniana et spaldingiana, (2) diversana, murinana, metasequoiacola et jezoensis, (3) longicellana, (4) lafauryana, (5) conflictana et fractivittana, (6) hebenstreitella, adumbratana et luticostana, (7) albaniana et lapponana, (8) rosaceana et parallela et (9) obsoletana et zapulata.

D’après les données morphologiques obtenues au cours de cette étude, les deux groupes d’espèces de Choristoneura qui se nourrissent sur les conifères, le groupe d’espèces 1, de la région néarctique, et le groupe d’espèces 2, de la région paléarctique, sont apparentés. Ils représentent les groupes d’espèces les plus primitifs du genre. Choristoneura rosaceana. C. parallela, C. obsoletana et C. zapulata, représentant certaines des espèces qui se nourrissent sur les arbres décidus, sont parmi les espèces les plus évoluées de Choristoneura.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 7 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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