Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T07:04:34.406Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The male genital tract of Axymyiidae and Tanyderidae (Diptera)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2012

Art Borkent  and
Bradley J. Sinclair
Art Borkent*
Affiliation:
Royal British Columbia Museum, American Museum of Natural History and Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, 691-8th Avenue SE, Salmon Arm, BC V1E 2C2, Canada
Bradley J. Sinclair
Affiliation:
Canadian National Collection of Insects and Ottawa Plant Laboratory – Entomology, CFIA, K.W. Neatby Building, C.E.F., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON KIA OC6, Canada
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The male genital tract of Axymyiidae and Tanyderidae, represented by Axymyia furcata McAtee and Protoplasa fitchii Osten Sacken, respectively, are described and illustrated for the first time. The tract of A. furcata is foreshortened, with relatively short, thick vasa deferentia that meet medially at the ejaculatory duct, which empties dorsal to the ejaculatory apodeme. The accessory glands are large and either firmly appressed or fused medially. The tract of P. fitchii has elongate vasa deferentia that curve ventrally and enter the ejaculatory duct separately. The short accessory glands are separate but their exit is uncertain. Neither of these male genital tracts shed further light on the phylogenetic position of these families within the nematocerous Diptera, although Tanyderidae do lack the synapomorphic multi-chambered accessory glands grouping Ptychopteridae + Culicomorpha + Bibionomorpha.

Résumé

On décrit et illustre pour la première fois l'appareil génital mâle des Axymyiidae et Tanyderidae, representés par Axymyia furcata McAtee et Protoplasa fitchii Osten Sacken, respectivement. L'appareil génital de A. furcata est raccourci, avec des canaux déférents relativement courts et épais qui se rencontrent médialement au niveau du canal éjaculateur, lequel se vide du côté dorsal de l'apodème éjaculateur. Les glandes accessoires sont grandes et soit fermement apprimées l'une contre l'autre, soit fusionnées médialement. L'appareil génital de P. fitchii a des canaux déférents recourbés ventralement et qui rejoignent séparément le canal éjaculateur. Les glandes accessoires courtes sont séparées mais leur sortie est incertaine. L’étude de ces appareils génitaux mâles n’éclaircit en rien la position phylogénétique de ces familles au sein des diptères nématocères, bien que les Tanyderidae soient dépourvus des glandes accessoires à multi-chambres, ce qui représente une synapomorphie regroupant les Ptychopteridae + Culicomorpha + Bibionomorpha.

Type
Original Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 144 , Issue 2 , April 2012 , pp. 266 - 272
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2012 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amorim, D.S. 1993. A phylogenetic analysis of the basal groups of Bibionomorpha, with a critical examination of the wing vein homology. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 52(3): 379–399.Google Scholar
Bertone, M.A., Courtney, C.W., Wiegmann, B.M. 2008. Phylogenetics and temporal diversification of the earliest true flies (Insecta: Diptera) based on multiple nuclear genes. Systematic Entomology, 33: 668–687.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blagoderov, V., Grimaldi, D.A., Fraser, N.C. 2007. How time flies for flies: diverse Diptera from the Triassic of Virginia and early radiation of the order. American Museum Novitates, 3572: 1–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borkent, A., Borkent, C.J., Sinclair, B.J. 2008. The male genital tract of Chaoboridae (Diptera: Culicomorpha). The Canadian Entomologist, 140: 621–629.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cumming, J.M., Sinclair, B.J., Wood, D.M. 1995. Homology and phylogenetic implications of male genitalia in Diptera – Eremoneura. Entomologica Scandinavica, 26: 121–151.Google Scholar
Downes, J.A. 1968. Notes on the organs and processes of sperm-transfer in the lower Diptera. The Canadian Entomologist, 100: 608–617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hennig, W. 1973. Ordnung Diptera (Zweiflügler). Handbuch der Zoologie, 4(2) 2/31 (Lfg. 20): 1–337.Google Scholar
Krzeminski, W. 1992. Triassic and Lower Jurassic stage of Diptera evolution. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 65: 39–59.Google Scholar
Krzeminski, W., Krzeminska, E. 2003. Triassic Diptera: descriptions, revisions and phylogenetic relations. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 46: 153–184.Google Scholar
Michelsen, V. 1996. Neodiptera: new insights into the adult morphology and higher level phylogeny of Diptera (Insecta). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 117: 71–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oosterbroek, P., Courtney, G. 1995. Phylogeny of the nematocerous families of Diptera (Insecta). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 115: 267–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinclair, B.J. 2000. Morphology and terminology of Diptera male genitalia. In Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera, vol. 1. General and applied dipterology. Edited by L. Papp and B. Darvas. Science Herald, Budapest. pp. 53–74.Google Scholar
Sinclair, B.J., Borkent, A., Wood, D.M. 2007. The male genital tract and aedeagal components of the Diptera with a discussion of their phylogenetic significance. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 150: 711–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinclair, B.J., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M. 1994. Homology and phylogenetic implications of male genitalia in Diptera – Lower Brachycera. Entomologica Scandinavica, 24(1993)(4): 407–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiegmann, B.M., Trautwein, M.D., Winkler, I.S., Barr, N.B., Kim, J.-W., Lambkin, C., et al. 2011. Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108: 5690–5695.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, D.M. 1981. Axymyiidae. In Manual of Nearctic Diptera, vol. 1. Co-ordinated by J.F. McAlpine, B.V. Peterson, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, and D.M. Wood. Agriculture Canada Monograph No. 27. pp. 209–212.Google Scholar
Wood, D.M. 1991. Homology and phylogenetic implications of male genitalia in Diptera. The ground plan. In Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Dipterology. Edited by L. Weismann, I. Országh, and A.C. Pont. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague. pp. 255–284.Google Scholar
Wood, D.M., Borkent, A. 1989. Phylogeny and classification of the Nematocera. In Manual of Nearctic Diptera, vol. 3. Coordinated by J.F. McAlpine, and D.M. Wood. Agriculture Canada Monograph 32. pp. 1333–1370.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. 2010. Two new genera and one new species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera: Nematocera), with revision and redescription of the extinct taxa. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103: 455–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zwick, P. 1977. Australian Blephariceridae (Diptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplement Series, 46: 1–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar