Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T09:32:23.169Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

LIFE HISTORY OF CRICOTOPUS MYRIOPHYLLI OLIVER (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) IN THE OKANAGAN VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Ian V. MacRae  and
Richard A. Ring
Ian V. MacRae
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, Cordley Hall 2046, Corvallis, Oregon, USA 97331-2097
Richard A. Ring
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 2Y2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The life history of Cricotopus myriophylli Oliver is described from both field observations and laboratory rearing of field-collected larvae. The species appears to be univoltine with four larval instars and has a sex ratio of ca. 2:1, males to females. Emergence begins in late May in British Columbia and continues until mid-September, with first-instar larvae present in the field from mid-June to mid-August. Water temperature does not appear to influence the rate of emergence. In the laboratory at 21 °C, larvae complete each of the third and fourth instars in 10–14 days. Cricotopus myriophylli overwinters primarily in the third larval instar, although second and fourth instars were also recovered in field-collected samples. First-instar larvae and eggs were not recovered from winter samples. This species does not appear to undergo a true diapause.

Résumé

Des observations en nature et des élevages en laboratoire de larves récoltées en nature nous ont permis d’étudier le cycle biologique de Cricotopus myriophylli Oliver. L’espèce semble univoltine et possède quatre stades larvaires; le rapport mâles : femelles est d’environ 2 : 1. L’émergence commence à la fin de mai en Colombie-Britannique et se poursuit jusqu’à la mi-septembre; les larves de premier stade peuvent être trouvées en nature entre le milieu de juin et le milieu d’août. La température de l’eau ne semble pas influencer l’intensité de l’émergence. En laboratoire, à 21 °C, les larves mettent de 10 à 14 jours à traverser chacun des stades trois et quatre. Cricotopus myriophylli passe l’hiver surtout au troisième stade larvaire, mais des larves de deuxième et de quatrième stades ont également été trouvées dans les échantillons recueillis en hiver; ces échantillons ne contenaient pas d’oeufs ou de larves de permier stade. L’espèce ne semble pas subir de véritable diapause.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 6 , December 1993 , pp. 979 - 985
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armitage, P.D. 1970. The Tanytarsini (Diptera: Chironomidae) of a shallow woodland lake in south Finland, with special reference to the effect of winter conditions on the larvae. Annales Zoologici Fennici 7: 313–322.Google Scholar
B.C. Ministry of Environment. 1979. Information Bulletin; Aquatic Plant Management Program Vol. V: The Feasibility of Using Biological Control Agents for Control of Eurasian Watermilfoil in British Columbia. Province of British Columbia, Water Investigations Branch, Victoria, B.C.14 pp.Google Scholar
B.C. Ministry of Environment. 1981. Information Bulletin: Aquatic Plant Management Program Vol. XI: A Summary of Biological Research on Eurasian Watermilfoil in British Columbia. Province of British Columbia, Water Investigations Branch, Victoria, B.C.18 pp.Google Scholar
Berg, C.O. 1950. Biology of certain Chironomidae reared from Potamogeton. Ecological Monographs 20: 83–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boesel, M.W. 1983. A review of the genus Cricotopus in Ohio, with a key to adults of the Northeastern United States (Diptera: Chironomidae). Ohio Journal of Science 83(3): 74–90.Google Scholar
Czeczuga, B., Bobiatynska-Kosk, E., and Niedzwieki, E.. 1968. On determination of age structure of the larvae of Tendipedidae. Zoologica Polska 18: 317–328.Google Scholar
Kangasniemi, B.J. 1983. Observations on Herbivorous Insects that Feed on Myriophyllum spicatum in British Columbia. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference of North American Lake Management Society, Oct. 26–29, 1982. U.S. EPA, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Kangasniemi, B.J., and Oliver, D.R.. 1983. Chironomidae (Diptera) associated with Myriophyllum spicatum in Okanagan Valley lakes, British Columbia. The Canadian Entomologist 115: 1545–1546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacRae, I.V., Winchester, N.N., and Ring, R.A.. 1989. An evaluation of Cricotopus myriophylli as a biocontrol for Eurasian Watermilfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum. Acta Biologica Debrecina Oecologia Hungarica 3: 241–248.Google Scholar
MacRae, I.V., Winchester, N.N., and Ring, R.A.. 1990. Feeding activity and host preference of the milfoil midge, Cricotopus myriophylli Oliver (Diptera: Chironomidae). Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 28: 89–92.Google Scholar
McCauley, V.J.E. 1974. Instar differentiation in larval Chironomidae (Diptera). The Canadian Entomologist 106: 179–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzie, C.A. 1980. The chironomids (Insecta: Diptera) and other fauna of a Myriophyllum spicatum L. plant bed in the lower Hudson River. Estuaries 3(1): 38–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzie, C.A. 1981. Production ecology of Cricotopus sylvestris (Diptera: Chironomidae) in a shallow estuarine cove. Limnology and Oceanography 26(3): 467–481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, D.R. 1971. Life history of the Chironomidae. Annual Review of Entomology 16: 211–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, D.R. 1984. Description of a new species of Cricotopus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) associated with Myriophyllum spicatum. The Canadian Entomologist 116: 1287–1292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, D.R., and Roussel, M.E.. 1983. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada Part 11: The Genera of Larval Midges of Canada (Diptera: Chironomidae). Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ont. 263 pp.Google Scholar
Townes, H.K. 1972. A light-weight Malaise trap. Entomological News 83: 239–247.Google Scholar
Vinikour, W.S., and Anderson, R.V.. 1981. Diptera larvae (Empididae and Chironomidae) in Trichoptera pupal cases (Glossosomatidae and Limnephilidae). Entomological News 92(2): 69–74.Google Scholar
Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis, 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall Inc. Pubs., Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 718 pp.Google Scholar