Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4rdrl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T13:31:15.909Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INTRODUCTION, PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENT, AND DISPERSAL IN EASTERN CANADA OF OLESICAMPE GENICULATAE QUEDNAU AND LIM (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE), AN IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF THE MOUNTAIN ASH SAWFLY, PRISTIPHORA GENICULATA (HARTIG) (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

F.W. Quednau
F.W. Quednau
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Quebec Region, 1055 du P.E.P.S., Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4C7
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

From 1976 to 1978, 1300 mated females of Olesicampe geniculatae Quednau and Lim were released near Quebec City during a severe infestation of the mountain ash sawfly, Pristiphora geniculata (Hartig). Both cage and open releases were made. The interactions among the mountain ash sawfly, the imported primary parasite O. geniculatae, and the indigenous hyperparasite Mesochorus globulator (Thunb.), and the effect of O. geniculatae on the host population during and after the establishment phase, are reported. In 1984, O. geniculatae was recovered from all over southern Quebec. Parasitism ranged from 6 to 94%. Concurrently, infestation levels by the mountain ash sawfly declined significantly, and since 1985, the insect has almost disappeared in Quebec. With an annual spread of about 50 km per year after successful establishment, O. geniculatae now covers an area 1000 km in diameter. No major infestation by the mountain ash sawfly has been recorded in Quebec during the past 7 years. The introduction of O. geniculatae is rated as a complete success in classical biological control.

Résumé

Entre 1976 et 1978, 1300 femelles accouplées d’Olesicampe geniculatae Quednau et Lim ont été relâchées près de la ville de Québec pendant une infestation grave de la tenthrède du sorbier, Pristiphora geniculata (Hartig). Les parasites ont été relâchés et dans les enceintes et dans les champs. Les interactions entre la tenthrède du sorbier, le parasite primaire importé, O. geniculatae, et l’hyperparasite indigène, Mesochorus globulator (Thunb.), sont présentées, aussi bien que l’effet initial d’O. geniculatae contre la population hôte et suivant la phase d’établissement. En 1984, O. geniculatae a été recueilli partout dans le sud de la province de Québec. Le parasitisme a varié entre 6 et 94%. Simultanément, les taux d’infestation de la tenthrède du sorbier ont diminué significativement et depuis 1985 l’insecte est presque disparu au Québec. Ayant un taux de dispersion annuel de 50 km, suivant l’établissement, O. geniculatae occupe maintenant une étendue de 1000 km en diamètre. Aucune infestation majeure de la tenthrède du sorbier n’a été observée au Québec pendant les 7 dernières années. L’introduction d’O. geniculatae est alors jugée une réussite complète en lutte biologique classique.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 5 , October 1990 , pp. 921 - 934
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beddington, J.R., Free, C.A., and Lawton, J.H.. 1978. Characteristics of successful natural enemies in models of biological control of insect pests. Nature 273: 513–519.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beirne, B.P. 1975. Biological control attempts by introductions against pest insects in the field in Canada. Can. Ent. 107: 225–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canada Department of Forestry and Rural Development. 1966–1970. Annual Report of the Forest Insect and Disease Survey. Forestry Branch, Ottawa, Ontario.Google Scholar
Clausen, C.P. 1951. The time factor in biological control. J. econ. Ent. 44: 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daviault, L. 1947. Note sur la diapause de la tenthrède du sorbier (Pristiphora geniculata Htg). Ann. Assoc. Can. Fr. Av. Sci. 13: 94.Google Scholar
Daviault, L. 1948. La tenthrède du sorbier. Qué. Minist. Terres For. Bur. Ent. Circ. 16. 4 pp.Google Scholar
Eichhorn, O., and Pschorn-Walcher, H.. 1978. Biologie und Parasiten der Ebereschenblattwespe Pristiphora geniculata Htg. (Hym.: Tenthredinidae). Z. Angew. Ent. 85: 154–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Embree, D.G. 1966. The role of introduced parasites in the control of the winter moth in Nova Scotia. Can. Ent. 98: 1159–1168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finney, G.L., and Fisher, T.W.. 1964. Culture of entomophagous insects and their hosts. p. 330 in DeBach, P. (Ed.), Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. Reinhold, New York, NY.Google Scholar
Flanders, S.E. 1942. Oösorption and ovulation in relation to oviposition in the parasitic hymenoptera. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 35: 251–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flanders, S.E. 1943. Indirect hyperparasitism and observations on three species of indirect hyperparasites. J. econ. Ent. 36: 921–926.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forbes, R.S., and Daviault, L.. 1964. The biology of the mountain-ash sawfly, Pristiphora geniculata (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), in Eastern Canada. Can. Ent. 96: 1117–1133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guillot, F.S., and Vinson, S.B.. 1972. Sources of substances which elicit a behavioural response from the insect parasitoid Campoletis perdistinctus. Nature 235: 169–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heron, R.J., and Drouin, J.A.. 1969. Methods of collecting, rearing and handling the larch sawfly for experimental studies. Can. Dept. Fish. For., For. Br., Forest Res. Lab., Winnipeg, Manitoba. Inf. Rep. MS-X-15.Google Scholar
Huffaker, C.B., and Kennett, C.E.. 1969. Some aspects of assessing efficiency of natural enemies. Can. Ent. 101: 425–447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
May, R.M., and Hassell, M.P.. 1981. The dynamics of multiparasitoid–host interactions. Am. Nat. 117: 234–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muldrew, J.A. 1967. Biology and initial dispersal of Olesicampe (Holocremmus) sp. nr. nematorum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasite of the larch sawfly recently established in Manitoba. Can. Ent. 99: 312–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muldrew, J.A. 1973. Larch sawfly — a biological control success story. Environ. Can., Can. For. Serv., North For. Res. Cent., Edmonton, Alberta. For. Rep. 3(2): 1–2.Google Scholar
Muldrew, J.A., and Ives, W.G.H.. 1984. Dispersal of Olesicampe benefactor and Mesochorus dimidiatus in Western Canada. Environ. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Res. Cent., Edmonton, Alberta. Inf. Rep. NOR-X-258.Google Scholar
Murdie, G., and Hassell, M.P.. 1973. Food distribution, searching success and predator–prey models. pp. 87–101 in Bartlett, M.S., and Hioms, R.W. (Eds.), The Mathematical Theory of the Dynamics of Biological Populations. Academic Press, New York, NY.Google Scholar
Murdoch, W.W., Chesson, J., and Chesson, P.L.. 1985. Biological control in theory and practice. Am. Nat. 125: 344–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pschorn-Walcher, H., and Zinnert, K.D.. 1971. Investigations on the ecology and natural control of the larch sawfly (Pristophora erichsonii Htg., Hym.: Tenthredinidae) in Central Europe. Part II: Natural enemies: Their biology and ecology, and their role as mortality factors in P. erichsonii. Commonw. Inst. Biol. Control Tech. Bull. 14: 1–50.Google Scholar
Québec, Insectes et maladies des arbres, région de Québec, 1971–1979. For. Conserv. 38 (1972) – 46 (1980), Québec, Québec.Google Scholar
Quednau, F.W. 1984. Pristiphora geniculata (Htg.), mountain-ash sawfly (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). pp. 381–385 in Kelleher, J.S., and Hulme, M.A. (Eds.), Biological Control Programmes against Insects and Weeds in Canada, 1969–1980. Commonw. Agric. Bur.Google Scholar
Quednau, F.W., and Guèvremont, H.. 1975. Observations on mating and oviposition behaviour of Priopoda nigricollis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasite of the birch leaf-miner, Fenusa pusilla (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Can. Ent. 107: 1199–1204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quednau, F.W., and Lim, K.P.. 1983. Olesicampe geniculatae, a new palaearctic ichneumonid parasite of Pristiphora geniculata (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Can. Ent. 115: 109–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, R.B., Tunnock, S., and Ebel, F.W.. 1987. Biological control: the larch casebearer in North America. J. For. 85: 33–39.Google Scholar
Smith, H.S. 1939. Insect populations in relation to biological control. Ecol. Monogr. 9: 311–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, L.C., Kulmann, H.M., and Witter, J.A.. 1977. Introduction, establishment and dispersal of exotic parasites of the larch sawfly in Minnesota. Environ. Ent. 6: 649–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turnock, W.J., and Muldrew, J.A.. 1971. Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig), larch sawfly (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). pp. 175–194 in Biological Control Programmes against Insects and Weeds in Canada, 1959–1968. Commonw. Inst. Biol. Control Tech. Comm. 14: 175–194.Google Scholar