Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T17:20:26.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES AND FERTILE HYBRIDS AMONG THE CONIFEROPHAGOUS CHORISTONEURA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

George T. Harvey
George T. Harvey
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Sault Ste. Marie, Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Laboratory studies of seven North American Choristoneura species and two subspecies from widely distributed locations demonstrate the low level of genetic separation among them. No differences were found in numbers (n = 30) or morphology of chromosomes among members of the group or in any of the hybrids examined. High levels of mating success were obtained in all inter se matings as well as in crosses and back-crosses. However, mating success was greater for crosses within host type and within pheromone type than for crosses between types. Viability and fertility were similar in all the hybrids and close to those of the inter se progenies. Mean weights of initial eggs varied by a factor of 2 from the lowest (C. pinus Freeman) to the highest (C. lambertiana ponderosana Obraztsov). Mean weights of initial eggs produced by hybrids were generally close to those of the parental species. However, when one parent was C. fumiferana (Clem.), mean weights of initial eggs were either much larger (male C. fumiferana) or much smaller (female C. fumiferana) than either parental type. These differences could affect survival of some progeny under harsh conditions. This evidence supports other studies in indicating that C. fumiferana is genetically distinct from other species in this group.

Résumé

Des études en laboratoire sur sept espèces et deux sous-espèces nord-américaines de Choristoneura réparties en des localités dispersées ont démontré que la variation génétique entre elles est faible. Aucune différence n’a été constatée dans le nombre (n = 30) ou la morphologie des chromosomes entre les membres du groupe ou les hybrides examinés. Une grande proportion des accouplements se sont effectués avec succès aussi bien dans les accouplements inter se que dans les croisements et les rétro-croisements. Cependant, le succès des accouplements s’est avéré plus élevé dans le cas de croisements entre individus du même type d’hôte ou du même type de phéromone que dans le cas de croisements entre différents types. La viabilité et la fertilité étaient équivalentes chez tous les hybrides et très semblables à celles qui prévalaient au sein de la progéniture issue d’accouplements inter se. La masse moyenne des premiers oeufs variait par un facteur de 2, des moins lourds (C. pinus Freeman) aux plus lourds (C. lambertiana ponderosana Obraztsov). La masse moyenne des premiers oeufs produits par les hybrides était généralement semblable à celle des premiers oeufs des espèces parentales. Cependant, dans les cas où l’un des parents appartenait à l’espèce C. fumiferana (Clem.), la masse moyenne des premiers oeufs était ou beaucoup plus élevée (mâle C. fumiferana) ou beaucoup moins élevée (femelle C. fumiferana) que l’un ou l’autre des types parentaux. Ces différences pourraient affecter la survie de certains rejetons dans des conditions rigoureuses. Ces données appuient les résultats d’autres études qui indiquent que C. fumiferana est une espèce génétiquement distincte des autres espèces du groupe.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 3 , June 1997 , pp. 519 - 536
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

References

Campbell, I.M. 1958. A Genetic Study of Factors Determining Fecundity in the Genus Choristoneura Lederer (Clem.) (Tortricidae). Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON. 69 pp.Google Scholar
Campbell, I.M. 1962. Reproductive capacity in the genus Choristoneura Led. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). I. Quantitative inheritance and genes as controllers of rates. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 4: 27–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, I.M. 1967. On coniferophagous species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America. Sexual isolation between three species. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 482–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crozier, R.H. 1968. An acetic acid dissociation, air-drying technique for insect chromosomes, with acetic-lactic orcein staining. Stain Technology 43: 171–173.Google Scholar
Daterman, G.E., Sower, L.L., Stevens, R.E., and Fellin, D.G.. 1995. Pheromone chemistry and response behaviour of conifer-feeding Choristoneura in the western United States. pp. 69–83 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
De Benedictis, J.A. 1995. Phenetic studies of spruce budworm populations (Choristoneura species). pp. 87–150 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
De Benedictis, J.A., Liebhold, A.M., and Powell, J.A.. 1995. Studies of pheromone attraction and inheritance using virgin females of Choristoneura species, in the Central Sierra Nevada, California, pp. 151–165 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
Ennis, T.J. 1976. Sex chromatin and chromosome numbers in Lepidoptera. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 18: 119–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grant, G.G. 1987. Copulatory behaviour of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Experimental analysis of the role of the sex pheromone and associated stimuli. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 80: 78–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, T.C., and Gries, G.. 1993. Pheromone identification of an undescribed species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Lodgepole Pine in British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 80: 13–18.Google Scholar
Gray, T.C., and Slessor, K.N.. 1989. Morphology, life history and identification of sex pheromone components of an undescribed species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Scots Pine in British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 86: 39–47.Google Scholar
Grisdale, D. 1970. An improved laboratory method for rearing large numbers of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 102: 1111–1117.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1961. Second diapause in spruce budworm from eastern Canada. The Canadian Entomologist 93: 594–602.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1967. On coniferophagous species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America. V. Second diapause as a species character. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 486–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1977. Mean weight and rearing performance of successive egg clusters of eastern spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 109: 487–496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1983 a. A geographical cline in egg weights in Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and its significance in population dynamics. The Canadian Entomologist 115: 1103–1108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1983 b. Environmental and genetic effects on mean egg weight in spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 115: 1109–1117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1985 a. The taxonomy of coniferophagous Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): A review. pp. 16–59in Sanders, C.J., Stark, R.W., Mullins, E.J., and Murphy, J. (Eds.), Recent Advances in Spruce Budworm Research: Proceedings of the CANUSA Spruce Budworms Research Symposium, 16–20 September 1984. Bangor, Maine. Supply and Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1985 b. Egg weight as a factor in the overwintering survival of the spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 117: 1451–1461.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1991. Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Collections Shipped from the Great Lakes Forestry Centre (Sault Ste. Marie) to the Biosystematics Research Centre (Ottawa) from 1983 to 1989. Forestry Canada, Ottawa, Miscellaneous Report 108: 18 pp.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T. 1996. Genetic relationships among Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America as revealed by isozyme studies. The Canadian Entomologist 128: 245–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, G.T., and Roden, P.M.. 1979. Special Collection of Coniferophagous Choristoneura Species and Hybrids at the Great Lakes Forest Research Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Canada. Environment Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Report O–X–293: 29 pp.+ appendix.Google Scholar
Harvey, G.T., and Stehr, G.. 1967. On coniferophagous species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America. III. Some characters of immature forms helpful in the identification of species. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 464–481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebhold, A.M. 1986. Larval coloration of hybrids between Choristoneura occidentalis and C. retiniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 118: 857–860.Google Scholar
Liebhold, A.M., Volney, W.J.A., and Waters, W.E.. 1984. Evaluation of cross-attraction between sympatric Choristoneura occidentalis and C. retiniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) populations in South-central Oregon. The Canadian Entomologist 116: 827–840.Google Scholar
Oliver, C.G. 1979. Genetic differentiation and hybrid viability within and between some Lepidoptera species. The American Naturalist 114: 681–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, J.A. 1980. Nomenclature of Nearctic Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Historical Review and Present Status. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW–100: 17 pp.Google Scholar
Powell, J.A. 1995 a. Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
Powell, J.A. 1995 b. Introduction: Historical review, taxonomic problems, and research approaches. pp. 1–19 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
Powell, J.A., and De Benedictis, J.A.. 1995 a. Biological relationships: Host tree preferences and isolation by pheromones among allopatric and sympatric populations of western Choristoneura. pp. 21–68 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
Powell, J.A., and De Benedictis, J.A.. 1995 b. Evolutionary interpretation, taxonomy, and nomenclature. pp. 219–275 in Powell, J.A. (Ed.), Biosystematic Studies of Conifer-feeding Choristoneura (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) in the Western United States. University of California Publications in Entomology 115: 275 pp.Google Scholar
Priesner, E., Bogenschütz, H., and Arn, H.. 1980. A sex attractant for the European fir budworm moth, Choristoneura murinana. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 35c: 390–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, C.J., Daterman, G.E., and Ennis, T.J.. 1977. Sex pheromone responses of Choristoneura spp. and their hybrids (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 109: 1203–1220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepherd, R.F., Gray, T.G., and Harvey, G.T.. 1995. Geographical distribution of Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) feeding on Abies, Picea, and Pseudotsuga in western Canada and Alaska. The Canadian Entomologist 127: 813–830.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silk, P.J., and Kuenen, L.P.S.. 1988. Sex pheromones and behavioral biology of the coniferophagous Choristoneura. Annual Review of Entomology 33: 83–101.Google Scholar
Smith, S.G. 1944. The reproduction of the nucleus. Scientific Agriculture 24: 491–509.Google Scholar
Smith, S.G. 1945. The diagnosis of sex by means of heteropycnosis. Scientific Agriculture 25: 566–571.Google Scholar
Smith, S.G. 1953. Reproductive isolation and the integrity of two sympatric species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 85: 141–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sperling, F.A.H., and Hickey, D.A.. 1994. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in the spruce budworm species complex (Choristoneura: Lepidoptera). Molecular Biology and Evolution 11: 656–665.Google Scholar
Stehr, G. 1954. A laboratory method for rearing the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). The Canadian Entomologist 86: 423–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stehr, G. 1964. The determination of sex and polymorphism in microevolution. The Canadian Entomologist 96: 418–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stehr, G. 1967. On coniferophagous species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America. II. Geographic distribution in accordance with forest regions. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 456–463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volney, W.J.A. 1989. Biology and dynamics of North American coniferophagous Choristoneura populations. Agricultural Zoology Reviews 3: 133–156.Google Scholar
Volney, W.J.A., Liebhold, A.M., and Waters, W.E.. 1984. Host associations, phenotypic variation, and mating compatability of Choristoneura occidentalis and C. retiniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) populations in south-central Oregon. The Canadian Entomologist 116: 813–826.CrossRefGoogle Scholar